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Rural-urban Migrants’integration Into Urban Society And It’s Impact On Economic Behaviors

Posted on:2016-11-23Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:H Y LvFull Text:PDF
GTID:1109330467970053Subject:Agricultural Economics and Management
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As a special product of the industrialization and urbanization of China, rural-urban migrants play an essential role in expanding domestic demand, improving labor participation rate, and maintaining sustained economic growth. Despite the pivotal role they play in China’s economic growth, they are regarded as social vulnerable groups and marginal groups. Most of them fail to integrate into the urban society. Meanwhile, with the continuous change and development of the society, obvious internal differentiations of rural-urban migrants, especially intergenerational differentiation occur. There are significant differences in ideologies, living habits and behaviors among different groups of rural-urban migrants. By using survey data of rural-urban migrants in2013, this dissertation tries to provide theoretical and empirical answers to the following4key questions about rural-urban migrants’ integration into urban societies base on the logical chain of "influencing factors, integration status, integration consequences":(1)How’s situation of different categories of rural-urban migrants’ integration into urban societies in the various integration dimensions of economic, cultural and identity, etc.?(2)What determines rural-urban migrants’ integration into urban society?(3)How does rural-urban migrants’ integration into urban societies affect their labor supplies?(4)How does rural-urban migrants’ integration into urban societies affect their consumptions? The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:Content1:The measurement and status quo of rural-urban migrants’ integration into urban societies.This section divides city integration of rural-urban migrants into five dimensions:economic, social, cultural, psychological and identity. The status quo of the five dimensions is analyzed by using descriptive statistical analysis. The results show that the overall situation of city integration of rural-urban migrants is unsatisfactory and there are significant intergenerational difference and hukou loacation difference. The integration situation is much better for the second generation than the first generation, and is better for those with local hukou than those with non-local hukou. With respect to gender differences, Male migrant workers perform well in economic integration and social integration, while women migrant workers show better situation in psychological integration. Content2:Factors determining rural-urban migrants’ integration into urban society and the group differences.By using exploratory factor analysis, the degree of rural-urban migrants’ integration into urban society is measured. The influencing factors of city integration of rural-urban migrants are also explored from the aspects of human capital, social capital and psychological capital. The results show that vocational training and health play more important role in promoting city integration of rural-urban migrants than education does. Primary social capital and new social capital have the opposite effects on rural-urban migrants’ city integration. Psychological capital is also an important factor affecting the city integration of rural-urban migrants. In addition, those who migrate to the nearer places or migrate with family unit are more likely to realize city integration. Gender difference and intergenerational difference in the degrees of integration are mainly due to the characteristic differences within the groups, while the hukou loacation differences are mainly caused by the discriminatory factor.Content3:The impact of rural-urban migrants’ city integration on their labor supplies.This section investigates the impact of city integration on rural-urban migrants’ labor participation rate, working intensity, rate of employment and job mobility. The propensity score matching (PSM) methods is applied to address the selection bias of samples. The results display that even after controlling sample selection bias, city integration still has positive effects on rural-urban migrants’ labor force participation and employment, and has negative effect on job mobility. In addition, the impacts of city integration on labor suppies vary among different categories of gender, generation and places of hukou.Content4:The impact of rural-urban migrants’city integration on their consumptions.This section explores the relationship between city integration and rural-urban migrants’consumer behavior based on the theory of sociology of consumption.The empirical results show that the consumer behaviors of rural-urban migrants manifest "demonstration effect" and "ratchet effect". City integration has significant positive impacts on rural-urban migrants’ household consumption, the impacts on low consumer groups are more apparent. Also, city integration has negative effect on the Engel coefficient of rural-urban migrants’ household consumption, which means that city integration can help to improve the consumption structure of rural-urban migrants. Compared with basic consumptions as food and clothing, city integration has greater impacts on social security spending, entertainment consumption and other consumptions of high level.Important lessons of this paper are as follows:Transforming identity from ’rural-urban migrant’ to’ citizen’ in the sense of institution doesn’t necessarily mean rural-urban migrants’integration into urban society. With the advancement of urbanization, the impact of the household registration system on rural-urban migrants’ integration into urban society will gradually weaken. Compared with the transformation of institutional identity, the transformation of psychological identity is more important in affecting rural-urban migrants’ economic behaviors. Therefore, gradual reform should not only focus on removing the barriers of identity and giving migrant workers equal citizenship in the sense of law and system, but also promoting the city integration of migrant workers in psychological sense. In the long run, the most important factor limiting migrant workers’ integration into the city is their low human capital, how to improve the overall quality of migrant workers effectively and strengthen the ability of integration of migrant workers should be the focus of government, society and enterprise. At the same time, we should not overlook the roles of social capital and psychological capital play in promoting rural-urban migrants’ city integration, and give full play to the synergy of urban communities and social organizations in accumulating social capital and psychological capital for rural-urban migrants. In addition, measures should be taken to accelerate the process of urbanization in central and western regions and promote rural-urban migrants’ migration to the nearest and family migrantion. Introducing city integration into classic model of labor supply and consumption of migrant workers, and investigating the impacts of social psychological factors on rural-urban migrants’economic behaviors is another possible contribution of this paper. The conclusion has important policy implications:In addition to economic policy measures, such as adjust the income distribution structure and improve the income level of migrant workers, integrate rural-urban migrants into urban society by implementing psychological aspects of incentives, provide a good policy support and create a fair social environment will also beneficial in promoting a stable labor supply and expanding consumption of rural-urban migrants.
Keywords/Search Tags:rual-urban migrant, city integration, human capital, labor supply, consumption
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