The Integration Development Research Of Urban And Rural Industry Based On The Enterprise Location Selection

The integration development of urban and rural industry is a key link in the process of balance urban and rural development and promotion the integration of urban and rural, is an adaption to the needs of the trend of industrial convergence, is an important breakthrough in change of a dual economic structure of urban and rural.From the process of China’s urban and rural relationship evolution, the governments at all levels thought highly of urban and rural development because of the transformation from the "urban bias" policy at the beginning of the founding of new China to strategic objectives of balance urban and rural development put forward in 2003.Under the guidance of market economy system,our country has released the rural potential productivity, improved the efficiency of the factor allocation between urban and rural areas. Besides, urban and rural industrial relations entered a key stage from the industrial division between urban and rural areas to industrial coordinated development between urban and rural areas. But now, urban and rural industry also faces the tough market connection, low industry correlation degree and the insufficient present situation of the industry integration development.The third plenary session of the 17 th, in the report to 18, the fifth plenary session of the 18 th stressed that it is compelled to promote the integration development of urban and rural industrial as elemental incentive of urban and rural integration development, to establish a mechanism of city leading rural and industry promoting agriculture,to enhance the vitality of rural development, to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas gradually, to promote common prosperity between urban and rural areas. Requirement of integration development of urban and rural from the central party committee work report have pointed out the direction of the integration of urban and rural industry development in China.In the process of the integration of urban and rural industry, the enterprise as the industry’s microscopic carrier in order to get maximum profit will be looking for the best location in urban and rural. The process of the integration of urban and rural industries is the process of enterprises to carry out best geographical location. Traditional enterprise location theory is that enterprise location selection focuses on the transportation cost, scale economy and the market potential. On the basis of the cost balance enterprise location selection tend to select large and medium-sized cities that has high degree of development market and the tremendous technical personnel.With the trend of Industrialization and urbanization, on the one hand, big city agglomeration produced diseconomy phenomena.The agglomeration of industries and population into the city makes urban space extend an unprecedented scale.Urban industrial structure adjustment paced slowly due to a lack of diffusion space. many industries are still dominating the cities’ prime locations.Urban agglomeration produced diseconomy phenomenon with the densely population, expensive land price, the traffic congestion, environmental pollution problem.On the other hand, the Internet information network development put forward new challenges to traditional geographical location theory.As is known to all, the urban and rural areas treating land, labor and capital differently make the difference be difficult to change. And the injection of information network elements decreased regional differences between urban and rural areas, making it change enterprises the "real" constraints, also affecting the spatial layout of urban and rural industry.There is a new situation in which urban agglomeration producing diseconomy and information internet development.What are new characteristics of modern enterprises location selection? How do they achieve microscopic mechanism? How do enterprises location selection affect division of labor and space layout of industries and enterprises in different types? How do division of labor and space layout of industries and enterprises in different types push the integration of development of rural and urban industry? These questions need a solution in a elegant way. The author hope that through this paper we can have a new understanding of the microcosmic mechanism of the integration of urban and rural industries and urban and rural industrial spatial layout pattern. So we can enrich the enterprise location theory, new economic geography theory and industry transfer and diffusion theory further.This paper discussed the micro mechanism and spatial pattern of division of labor of the integration development of urban and rural industrial basing on the integration development of urban and rural industrial and making enterprise location selection behavior as the breakthrough point. First of all, we defined the concept of this paper,putted forward the concept of integration of urban and rural industry, analyzed enterprise location selection problem in the evolution of relationship between urban and rural industry. Basing on the traditional enterprises location theory, the paper discussed the affecting elements of enterprise location selection under new situation, which is the logical starting point of the paper. Second, the paper tried to explore the microscopic mechanism of integration of urban and rural industry from the perspective of enterprise location selection making the large and medium-sized cities agglomeration diseconomy and information network as the influencing factors and using the methods of new economic geography. Third, the paper discussed vertical and horizontal linkage between the industries and enterprises of different types and the integration of urban and rural industry respectively. Fourth, on the one hand, the paper analyzed affecting factors of the China enterprises location selection.On the other hand, the paper analyzed China’s regional integration development of urban and rural industrial level and space distribution situation by the empirical analysis. Last, the paper put forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions to promote the integration of urban and rural industry depending on the basis of theoretical analysis and empirical test results.In this paper, main work, conclusions and innovation points are as follows:(1) Enterprise location selection is the microcosmic basis of the integration development of urban and rural industrial, information network whose prime is the internet has become important influence factors of enterprise location selection under the new situation. Based on enterprise location selection behavior, this paper found the integration development of urban and rural industry was actually the decisions of enterprise selecting location under a variety of factors influence. On the basis of traditional enterprise location theory, the paper analyzed the influencing factors on site selection in different periods, constructed affecting framework of enterprise location including "traditional factors-influencing factors-under the new situation-government institutional factors affecting", pointed out that the information network became the important influence factors of enterprise location selection at present stage, weakened traditional location elements, created some new influencing factors and made the enterprise location selection of information network have a larger diversity and geographical degrees of freedom.(2) In the process of the integration of urban and rural industry, urban agglomeration diseconomy and information network development make the enterprise location selection behavior and the results tend to be diversification. Using new economic geography analyzed ways, this paper constructed the CICP designation of a new economic geography model including urban agglomeration diseconomy and information network variable.Through the numerical simulation, it is concluded that enterprise location selection activities in urban and rural areas show "scattered- agglomeration-then dispersed" development trend with the fact that it is not a simple repetition and return dispersion, but scattered optimization and upgrade.Urban agglomeration diseconomy and information network become of scattered power of enterprise geographical location and spatial distribution. Embodied in: First, urban congestion cost is urban agglomeration diseconomy quantitative indicators. When urban congestion cost is larger, the diffusion effect of enterprise location selection is more obvious. Second, information networks highlighted the fusion of the "time for space" and "virtual space and geographical space", made the "time-space compression" urban and rural areas, reduced the trade cost between urban and rural areas. From the time dimension, when the urban and rural trade costs are very high or very low, enterprise location selection tends to be diversify layout. When trade costs between urban and rural areas is in the medium level of development, it will reduce trade costs leading to further business site selection activities from centralized to decentralized location. Companies’ country diversification of the layout is helpful to avoid the emergence of urban agglomeration diseconomy. From the spatial dimension, distance is still the important factors that affect urban and rural trade costs.Information network reduced time cost cost and economic cost of product in the process of circulation. Enterprise agglomeration and diffusion in urban and rural space appears at the same time.(3) In the process of the integration development of urban and rural industry, the widening gap between urban and rural areas is the "during delivery" of integration development of urban and rural industry. The optimum of fairness and efficiency in enterprise location selection will tend to decentralized optimal layout. Under the influence of the information network, urban and rural trade costs become the important factors that affect enterprise location space distribution. Along with the integration advancement of the urban and rural industry, regional development gap between urban and rural areas showed development momentum that first enlarged then narrow. As the cost of trade between urban and rural declines, the widening gap between urban and rural area is the inevitable stage of integration development of urban and rural industrial being the "during delivery" of the integration of development. In terms of the integration efficiency and fairness of urban and rural industry, when the urban and rural trade cost is high, the government have to make trade-offs between efficiency and regional gap. When trade costs between urban and rural areas is low, two aspects of priority to efficiency and due consideration to fairness can be realized by the government.(4) Urban and rural industrial reasonable division of labor and the spatial layout is the balance effect on industrial agglomeration and dispersion forces.The different types of industries and enterprises resulted in different types of division of labor and the spatial layout model in rural and urban. In terms of different types of industry, urban and rural industry promoted the cross development of the integration of urban and rural industry by factor market, product market and space market linkage development. In terms of different types of enterprises, achieving different enterprises diversion at urban and rural space by the construction of industry chain promote the development of urban and rural industrial vertical integration of separation.(5) Through empirical test, the of regional distribution situation of integration development level of urban and rural industry is in accordance with the regional market degree. The east is highest, the middle follows the east and the west is the lowest. From space dimension, the whole areas appear the situation of the agglomeration and diffusion with the eastern region dominated by diffusion and the mid-west region dominated by agglomeration. At the same time, this paper pointed out that the regional economic development level and the urbanization development level associated with the integration development level of urban and rural industry.The integration of urban and rural economy is a strong exploratory subject, which belongs to the cross field of economics, geography, management science and ecology, Its connotation involves so widely that it is still in the research stage. Because of the limited space, the restrictions of level and cognitive ability of the author, and insufficient reference to the reference literature, there are something to improve, expand and deepening in the process of analysis and argumentation. This is the future direction of the author.