Study On The Reform Of The Property Right Regimes In State-Owned Enterprises In Vietnam

The reform of Vietnam enterprises is one of the most important issues in the reform and opening up Vietnam’s economy. In which, the reform of property right for state-owned enterprises is the most important issue in the important issues of the reform of state-owned enterprises. Since 1986, through more than 20 years of reform, under the strong impact of the New Economic Policy, the state-owned enterprises of Vietnam has obtained big achievements, but the efficiency of state-owned enterprises is still low, in addition to visibly intuitive causes, there are deeper causes. For example, the issue of property right is confusing; the right, responsibilities and benefits are not clear and management power is not clear too. This has resulted in slow growth of the system. Therefore, from this point, the thesis focuses on issues of property right reform of state-owned enterprises in Vietnam, and asserts that, good issue solving of property right in state-owned enterprises will be the key to the success of state-owned enterprises in Vietnam.The thesis takes economic reasoning of Marxism as the mainstream, refers related achievements of domestic and foreign scholars, applies methods of historical analysis, comparative analysis, authenticated analysis and normative analysis to make points of discourse and consider on basis of context and historical process of reform of state-owned enterprises in Vietnam. Analyze reform process of property right and status of property right in state-owned enterprises; indicate the existing diseases of property right regime of state-owned enterprises in Vietnam. From which, indicate the crux of the reform of state-owned enterprises in Vietnam to be the reform of property right in state-owned enterprises; present the reform as well as the suggestions of the state enterprises of the countries in the world. In which, pay special attention on analyzing and researching the status of property right in state-owned enterprises in Vietnam, from which, Vietnam can draw experiences and lessons. Finally, from analyzing and researching the status of property right in state-owned enterprises in Vietnam on the basis of suggestions from the reform of state-owned enterprises of the countries in the world, give several basic theoretical principles for the reform of property right regime in the state-owned enterprises in Vietnam and several ideas on the reform of property right that is consistent with the situation of Vietnam as well as the economic development needs of the age. The thesis consists of 6 chapters with the following contents:Chapter 1:Focus on articulating the reasons for choosing issue of ownership right reform in state-owned enterprises in Vietnam as the research topic; summarize the domestic and foreign research achievements as well as shortcomings; main research methods, research scope and layouts, creative points and shortcomings of the thesis.Chapter 2:Analysis the theory of property right and ownership right of state-owned enterprises. From ideology and theory related to the property right of Marx, based on the discussion of the basic concepts of property right and ownership right of state-owned enterprises, lay the foundation of basic theory for the reform of property right of state-owned enterprises in Vietnam.Chapter 3:In this chapter, we will look back at the history of reform and opening up Vietnam’s economy. Like China, the Democratic Republic of Vietnam in the first phase in building the country has implemented planning economic institution. This traditional institution gradually reveals its shortcomings in the economic operation. Thus, since 1986, Vietnam has conducted a comprehensive reform and opening up, in which, the economy is the key issue of the reform. Vietnam has changed greatly in the economic mechanism:transfer from focused planning economic institution to centralized multi-component product economy, then transfer to institution of socialist-oriented market economy. This is the premise, oriented basis, and decided characteristic in the reform of state-owned enterprises in Vietnam. Along with building, strengthening and developing institutional model of traditional centralized planning economy, the system of state-owned enterprises in Vietnam has been formed and developed rapidly. State-owned enterprise is an extremely important element in the economic system of the state. It plays a key role and be a positive factor supporting the socialist orientation. However, under the restrictions of old mechanism, the inherent diseases of the state-owned enterprises in Vietnam also reveal clearly, and still exist to the present day. Causes of these diseases come from institutions subject to the intervention of the administrative commands, this leads to the state-owned enterprises are not interested in the effectiveness of their own production, and creativity and positive in the enterprises are disappearing. The survival of the state enterprises is not decided by the "natural selection" in the market competition mechanism, but is decided by the bureaucracy. Superiors use commands to control all management processes and decisions of their subordinates. Although measures such as persuasion, explanation or payoffs are applicable, then their main purpose is still to force subordinate units to carry out commands.Chapter 4:Analysis structure and assess property right management in the state-owned enterprises in Vietnam. Through revising the process of property right reform of state-owned enterprises in Vietnam, we see that the property right management in state-owned enterprises since the late 70’s to early 80’s of 20th century has had some adjustments. However, basically, we have just improved and enhanced the management at microscopic class, just stopped at some adjustments, improvements in some aspects or corrected one part, not achieved systemic and radical reform, orderly management model of planning at the central has not changed. Therefore, at this stage, the reform methods are still equivocal and patchy. Although enterprises are allowed to establish separate funds, the scale and use of these funds are decided by the State, other right to decide such as the right to decide products, way of production and number of products still belong to the central government. Since 1986, together with the comprehensive reform of the economy, the property right regime in the state-owned enterprises in Vietnam has changed greatly. However, many problems and evils still exist. For example, there is high concentration on property right, government and consolidated enterprises, right to hold surplus is still single; operation of enterprise asset is not consistent with the market, and the state incurs the risks and unlimited liabilities. Currently, the Vietnam state-owned enterprises continue to conduct structural reform of property right and management institutions.Chapter 5:The reforms in the property right regime in the state-owned enterprises from the countries in the region and its suggestions. The successful or unsuccessful experiences of the state-owned enterprises in countries in the region have a very important meaning to the reform of state-owned enterprises in Vietnam. From those experiences, privatize state-owned enterprises in the Asian countries and the former Soviet Union through preferential low price for transferring state ownership into private ownership. Especially, through learning about the process as well as the success factors in reforms of property right in state enterprises in China, find that the success factors in reforms of China always associate with theory of "ideological liberation and substantial requirements". The factor deciding the mighty of Chinese economy, the ability to control the state decision does not base on the amount of investment but the efficiency from management and use of that amount, at the same time, implement other macroeconomic reform policies. All the above points are useful examples for reform and development of state-owned enterprises in Vietnam.Chapter 6:This thesis gives the methods and policies accordance with the property right regime in state-owned enterprises in Vietnam under institution of socialist-oriented market economy, promotes socialist-oriented market economy to develop rapidly and effectively.