| Nowadays, the urbanization of China has benn in a new stage, and the government approached the "Yangtze River Economic Belt strategy", which is worth to analysising that links the "Yangtze River Economic Belt" and the "New Style Urbanization" together as a phenomenon happened in a givern area. And those reach is practical significance and urgency to China. But the qutity of these researches is few. This article tried to combine the theories of the spatial effect of urbanization, and explore the spatial patterns of the urbanization of the Yangtze River Economic Belt by using empirical methods, and then tried to discuss the spatial effect of its urbanization by built a model that comprised the New Economic Geographic theory and the Dual Economic Theories, which would given some suggestive conclusions:Firstly, the spatial effects mean the spatial pattern of the economic and society due to the interaction between the social and economic activities between regions, and changing and affecting the old spatial pattern. The question of the spatial effect of the urbanization should be devided into three parts, which includes the special structures of the urbanization, how the the spatial patterns formated and the patial spillovers of urbanization. The question of the special structures of the urbanization mainly means the spatial patterns formationing in the urbanization process, which includes the spatial patterns of the urbanization level, the scale structure of the urban system and the economic division of labor of these cities. The question "how the the spatial patterns formatted" includes the mechanism of these different spatial patterns formatted in the urbanization process, and the interaction mechanism between different regions or cities. The patial spillovers of urbanization mainly focus about spatial dependence and spatial heterogeneity of regions in the urbanization process.Secondly, by constructing the theoretical framework which includes the dual economy theory and the new economic geography theory, we built a model that has one region to discuss the question of urbanization. The founding is that in a dual economy, the "huji discrimination" hinders the process of the urbanization. The "huji discrimination" makes rural labor supply become inflexible, reduces the supply of rural surplus labor, and makes those people who have the will to go to work in the city give up to immigrant to the cities, that leds to the mismatch of the labor resources in the urbanization process. Because a large number of rural labor is limited to continue to work in rural areas, which is not conducive to the reduction of rural recessive unemployment, but also is not conducive to the improvement of agricultural labor productivity.Therefore, to further relax the household registration control, reduce the "huji discrimination", will help to enhance the level of urbanization and the population bonus further release. Then we expanded the closed model of one region to the open traded model of two regions to analysis the urbanization in which the labor can flow freely between regions. In that case, the Upgrading of the level of industrialization of a region can not only enhance the level of local urbanization, but also it can promote the industrialization completion and the modernization of agriculture of another regional, and indirectly improve the welfare of the residents in another area, because of competition in the process of regional urbanization. So under the condition of regional competition, the industrialization of a region has a "spatial externality", whicn means it can change the urbanization situation of another region. That means to promote regional integration of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and to reduce the division among markets and administratives, can upgrade to the level of urbanization of the entire region. When the model of the two regions is extended to the linear model of the three regions, we found that distance plays an important role because the spatial proximity effect and spatial diffusion effect. The proximity effect is made up with market price effect and market scale effect. Market price effect means the decline in trade costs as a result of the closer distance, and that makes the regional price index decreased. Market scale effect means the effect that the local market size is limited caused by the narrow distance. Spatial diffusion effect means the closer of the distance froma one region to a region of high urbanization level, its urbanization level will be higher. The spatial proximity effect and spatial diffusion effect mean in the in the process of urbanization, to make the "distance" region with high level of industrialization or urbanization level closer will have a positive effect to improve the level of urbanization in the local region. The regions should try to reduce transaction costs, which will help to enhance the level of regional urbanization.Thirdly, the urbanization of the Yangtze River Economic Belt has a obvious spatial effect:a. The spatial distribution of the urbanization level has obvious characteristics of " circle ", that clearly formed in three major levels named the eastern, central and western, and the level of urbanization in the eastern region is higher than that in the middle, and the middle is higher than that in the weetern region. The internal differences of the level of urbanization in the eastern, middle and western areas carried by the city group, and the differences among city groups are bigger than that in the internal of the city groups. Moreover, the urbanization rate has a positive spatial correlation in the high leveled urbanization areas like the Yangtze River delta, which means the cities around a high leveled urbanization city will also have a high urbanization level. b. The population of the Yangtze River economic belt is a one-way flow from west to East, and that leds to the difference of city scale system. The population size distribution in the citie groups with megalopolis or metropolis shows the shape of a "inverted triangle", which means the population is too agglomerated to large cities, and the small cities lacks development. Also, because of the "hukou" system, the city scale structure of the citygroups present a "gourd shaped" distribution, in which the megalopolis is too large, and the amount of metropolis and small cities is lacked.c. the economic agglomeration and spatial division of labor of the cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt shows the features of spatial continuous distribution. The reason is the effect of the "first nature" and the cohesion and institutional environment of the city itself. Through the analysis we can find that the space has already have a far-reaching impact to the urbanization of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and spatial agglomeration and diffusion is an important performance in the process of urbanization. Therefore, in explaining the mechanism of urbanization in the Yangtze River economic belt, the factors of space must be taken into consideration, that is, to investigate the spatial effect and mechanism of urbanization in the Yangtze River Economic belt.Fourthly, by using the Spatial Durbin Panel Date Model (SDPDM) to Quantitative evaluate the spatial effect and its influencing factors of the urbanization in the Yangtze River Economic belt, we found that there are convergence in the eastern, central and western and the global areas of the Yangtze River Economic belt, and the speed of the convergence shows the turns:the west district>the middle district> the east district. Now the urbanization of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is on the stage that population flows to the big city, and the specific development stage of each region is not the same, so every areas is facing its own restricts to improve the level of Urbanization. Therefore, differential policies should be taken to realize the overall coordinated development of the level of Urbanization. The the east district of the the Yangtze River Economic belt should continue to maintain the rapid growth of the regional economy development trend and the high concentration, at the same time it should strengtheningly open to the outside world, and vigorously develop the third industry, reduce the second industry, and reduce the degree of the"huji discrimination" to promote the upgrading of the level of urbanization. The minddle district of the the Yangtze River Economic belt should keep the high speed growth in the regional economy, raise the level of urban wage, reduce the degree of the"huji discrimination", and develop the second and third industry taking the citygroup as the carrier, promote regional industrialization, and strengthen the opening degree of the region to promote the improvement of the level of urbanization at the same time. The western district of the the Yangtze River Economic belt should keep the high speed growth in the regional economy, reduce the degree of the "huji discrimination" and promote regional industrialization taking the citygroup as the carrier. And to most of the areas, compared with the corresponding policies and conditions of the city, their urbanization levels are affected more by their neighbour’s policies and conditions. Therefore, when formulating the policy of urbanization, a comprehensive consideration is needed and the areas need to collaborative propulsion. As a prerequisite for the development of regional development, the transportation infrastructure although has little obvious effect to the local urbanization nowadays, and its role is to promote the increase of the level of urbanization in big cities. But in the long run, the transportation infrastructure will attract the population to flow back, and it will play a decisive role to promote the construction of local urbanization. Therefore, it is imperative to establish the rapid transportation system of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.Fifthly, by calculating the market potential of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the discussing of the Path of the urbanization, we found:the market potential calculated by GDP and per capita GDP shows a more and more obvious "core-periphery" structure, and the eastern, central and western areas of the Yangtze River Economic Belt each has its own key city. The eastern citygroup has become the "core region "of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and Wuhan and Changsha in the middle areas and Chongqing in the western areas are potential point of its area of the urbanization in the future. Whether the market potential calculated by GDP or per capita GDP, it has asignificant correlation to the regional population agglomeration. That means the increase of regional market potential can cause the population to flow to the region, and to form a new regional center city. To this point of view, through the construction of the central town to make the center point become the driving point of the process of urbanization, and then through the construction of transportation infrastructure to narrow the "distance" between the surrounding area and the "central city", to created a "zone", and at last to form a "line" through fast traffic pattern,such as the high-speed rail and the big traffic skeleton such as the water transport framework, and different "lines" staggered into nets. that will promote the overall upgrading of the level of regional urbanization. This can be a construction method to promote the urbanization of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. In the paths to promotethe urbanization, to develop the large cities can make the market size effect the largest. And then to "fan out from as an example for the rest of the lot to follow, and then to make the example and the follow together" to promote the overall improvement of the level of urbanization in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Although this is likely to lead to uneven regional development in the short term, but in the long run, from agglomeration to balance, is the feasible path of the Yangtze River economic belt to promote the balanced development of urbanization.
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