Research On Farmers’ Income Structure In Jilin Province

Since 1990 s, with China economic market reform,speeding up of industrialization and urbanization process, large rural surplus labor began to transfer to non-agricultural industry,income of farmers engaging in non-agricultural business activities and wage income gradually increased, farmers ’ income depending on land showed a declining trend, which is not only conducive to land circulation,but also agricultural labor transferring to town, urban and rural development, achieved urban and rural integration. In recent years, farmers total income shows slow-growing, non-agricultural income proportion of farmers ’ income is small, the total number of non-farm income of Jilin province and the ratio needs to be improved. How to provide more opportunities for farmers and migrant workers non-agricultural business activities, thereby increasing peasants’ non-farm income is the core of continuous increase,and is the key to narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas.This paper takes farmers ’ income structure in Jilin province as a research theme and the paper is divided into eight chapters. The first and second chapters are the theoretical part of the thesis, which presented the background and significance of the research, research objectives,research methods, related concepts, theories and research. The third, fourth, fifth and sixth chapter are the empirical analysis, the third chapter analyzes farmers’ income structure and the increase of income in Jilin province; From the perspective of macro and micro perspectives, the fourth and fifth chapters analyze influencing factors of farmers ’ income structure in Jilin province; The sixth chapter analyzes the effects of structural change of peasants ’ income from food production, employment, consumption and economic growth in Jilin province; The seventh chapter evaluates peasant’s income support policy of Jilin province, and proposes policy reform;The eighth chapter is a summary of previous research and put forward to suggestions. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) Farmers income of Jilin province,either incremental or growth, has experienced from speed growth to fast growth change process, and non-agricultural features of farmers income of Jilin province gradually performance out 。 But dominated by family management incomes,primary industry occupies a great proportion in the family management income, especially the farming income accounted for a large proportion. From the changes of the income structure,farmers ’ household income has decreased, but the decline is not obvious, wage income of farmers has increased year by year, although the proportion has increased, but increased marginally, wage income effect on farmers ’ income growth is not obvious. A slow increase ofpeasants’ income from property in Jilin province, the proportion has been low, and showed a declining trend in recent years. As the national fiscal investment in agriculture increased,farmers’ transfer income increases in Jilin province, the proportion rises slowly.(2) Using time series data based on macro-research results showed that farmers ’ income structure of Jilin province and "economic level of urbanization", "non-agricultural activity of capital" and "second and third industries" are related. This is consistent with the empirical analysis, urbanization can be used to promote employment of farmers to cities and towns, and the second or third industries, farmers ’ income structure has also been changed. Farmers ’activity and wealth accumulation will make it easier for farmers to get wage income, which leads the change of farmers ’ income structure. Raising the level of education of rural labor is in favor of getting nonagricultural jobs, promoting peasants ’ income structural change. The second and third industry development trend and speed, which is closely linked to farmers’ income structural change. Government investment in agricultural infrastructure construction, the greater,the more conducive to promote the development of agricultural modernization and scale of agricultural production overall optimization of business environment and efficient configuration of production factors, which promotes farmers engaged in agricultural activities operating income increased, the motivation of farmers ’ access to non-farm business income and motivation of migrant decreased.(3) Using the micro-data, the empirical results show: if the external environment is certain,non-agricultural income of farmers is influenced by farmers themselves, residence, family factors. From the farmers themselves, men nonagricultural income slightly is higher than women; Young farmer non-agricultural income is higher than the old; Farmers’ non-farm income, who are in the high level of education, is higher; Unmarried farmer’ non-agricultural income is more than a married farmer. Judging from the residence, close to the town, as well as near non-agricultural enterprises, farmers will get very favorable increase in non-farm income opportunities. Judging from the family, the more family farming land, the smaller the proportion of non-agricultural income, Because of their backing of good family support, farmers who have less Burden will be willing to try non-agricultural employment, non-farm income.(4) Study on the efficiency of different types of farmers ’ food production found that certain non-agricultural incomes could improve the efficiency of food production, but when the proportion of farmers’ non-farm income exceeds a certain level, such as non-farm income exceeds 50%, farmers ’ food production efficiency decline trend, it can be inferred, farmer’s income structural changes will have some impact on food production.(5) The farmers ’ income structure in Jilin province and nonagricultural employment in thesame trend, judging from the results, Jilin province’s nonagricultural employment impact of structural change of peasants ’ income is greater than changes in farmers ’ income structure in Jilin province Jilin province’s nonagricultural employment impact. Farmers in Jilin province rich in arable land resources, the increase in non-farm income of farmers will be unable to get farmers to abandon farming. Moreover, as countries supporting agriculture and giving favorable treatment to increase the impact of agricultural subsidies also makes the peasants ’ farming enthusiasm enhanced led farmers to abandon agricultural management cost more to other occupations, farmers are not willing to give up agriculture to changing professional roles. In addition, the township enterprises in Jilin province in recent years there has been a recession,rural non-farm economic downturn also wants to give up agriculture farmers lost their sense of security, farmers ’ intentions to career transition more indifference.(6) There is a long and close relationship between the non-agricultural income changes and regional economic development. Regional economic development can provide more opportunities for farmers’ non-farm employment, and regional economic development can also provide protection for the growth of farmer’s income. Non-agricultural income changes has positive effects on the economic development of the region also, but the impact is not great, it implies that relation of non-agricultural income and regional economic development, more performance for economic development’s influence on farmer non-agricultural income.(7) The impact of income structure on consumption expenditure structure, family income and wage income remains the main source of income influence farmers ’ basic consumer spending, transfer income influenced positively the farmers’ non-basic living expenditures, in particularly, impact on farmers ’ consumption expenditure on education in the first of four sources of income. Wage income and transfer income larger positive impact on medical spending, wages income largest positive influencing farmers’ consumer spending in transportation and communication.(8) Present peasant’s income support policies for increasing farmers ’ income of Jilin province achieved certain results, but Food support policy, land policy, regional development policy and cultivation policy of new types of agricultural businesses still have the perfect space.Monopoly-type purchases policies restrict the market function of normal play, reserve prices also made a large number of ecologically fragile areas, wetland protection area into corn-growing areas, destructed ecological environment, high-cost effects also caused downstream industries. Future food price protection policy reform requires implementation of the target system, and then promotes the development of follow-up corn industry. Since the implementation of grain subsidy policy, which greatly aroused farmers’ enthusiasm for growinggrain, stable food production and ensure food security for the country. But a wide range of subsidies, it is difficult to motivate kinds of cereal and grain farmer. Meanwhile, there is an inadequate subsidy, more social benefits, ignoring ecological benefits. Reform of agricultural subsidies in the future need to adjust the scope and standards of agricultural subsidies, tilted to the professional grain farmers, promote scale management of land and strengthen ecological and environmental awareness, attention to agricultural insurance subsidies and reducing agricultural hazards and market risks. Meanwhile, the Central Government should increase its support for regional economic development in Jilin province and actively cultivate new types of agricultural management, promoting the process of agricultural modernization.With some research compared, this research mainly has new exploration and attempts in following several aspects:(1) In research content aspects, this research from the new perspective of farmers income structure analyzes farmers income increase in Jilin province, from macro and micro perspectives analyzes effect factors influencing farmers income structure changes, Tap the potential growth of farmers ’ income, as a useful addition to existing research, more instructive to the peasants in Jilin province.(2) In analysis method aspects, using variety analysis methods of measurement economics, Starting from the farmers’ income structure, we analyze economic development, Urbanization, human capital, and farmers income structure changes which are closely related to farmers’ income structure, analyze farmers individual, family and community effect on farmers income structure changes using cumulative logistic return analysis method,make up for past research bias qualitative description analysis, makes research more science reasonable.(3)Based on the main producing areas and old industrial study of structural change of peasants ’ income, we evaluate the existing policy on farmers ’ income support, propose that farmer’s income structural optimization requires the Central Government to give regional policy support for the development of Jilin province. China should reform the corn reserve price policy to promote follow-up industry development of maize. Meanwhile, we should implement differentiated grain subsidy policies to promote scale management of land, foster new types of agricultural manement, which is more instructive to the peasants in Jilin province.