Study Of The Relation Of Urbonization And Energy Consumption And Carbon Emissions In China

As urbanization and industrialization advance, China's energy consumption increased sharply, leading to the obvious imbalance between energy supply and demand, which has become important constraint of economic growth and urban development. A large number of energy consumption produced large amounts of carbon emissions. How to understand the relationship of urbanization and energy consumption and carbon emissions, is important to coordinate urbanization and energy security and environmental protection in China, which are the main contents of this article.This dissertation studies the impact of urbanization on energy consumption and carbon emissions from the view of total output and industry structure and consumption. First, from the supply point, urbanization is an effective way to achieve the demographic dividend; Secondly, urbanization increased total factor productivity of the production function. From the demand perspective, a process of urbanization makes important route of expanding domestic demand. The growing secondary and tertiary industries are the main reason of rapidly increasing energy consumption and carbon emissions. Urbanization leads to the evolution and upgrade of industrial structure, ultimately impact energy consumption and carbon emissions. The growth of consumption of urban residents, especially consumption of durable goods, leads the growth of energy consumption and carbon emissions.This dissertation builds aggregate supply and demand model of energy. Energy consumption is the economic cost of urbanization, and carbon emissions are the environmental costs of urbanization. Energy total demand curve and supply curve of different stages determine the change in energy prices. The excessive growth of total energy demand results in energy price rise, thus affect the development of urbanization and development. Carbon emissions are negative externalities, relative to considering the external carbon emissions, no considering the negative externalities lead to excessive urbanization finally, thus urbanization brings negative net returns, and is uneconomic. In order to eliminate negative externalities from carbon emissions, government enhances energy prices, levies energy taxes and carbon taxes, thus increases costs of urbanization. While reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions will reduce the environmental costs, and thus to some extent offset the increase in the cost of urbanization, effects is the slow and limited short-term, long-term will have a greater effect. In short, increasing energy prices and levy energy taxes and carbon taxes affect the development path of urbanization.The urban carbon emissions are the main body of carbon emissions, and there are regional differences of urban carbon emissions. Using STIRPAT model and provincial panel data,this article showed that per capita disposable income of urban residents make the greatest impact on carbon emissions, urbanization level and the energy intensity make the second, the total population has little effect on carbon emissions; the increasing per capita disposable income of urban residents and the level of urbanization is the main reasons for the rapid growth of urban carbon emissions,the reducing energy intensity in recent years reduced carbon emissions; the impact of urbanization on carbon emissions is heterogeneous, the different carbon emissions and per capita carbon emissions and carbon intensity in regions, the different impact of urbanization on carbon emissions; this heterogeneity is mainly due to the impact urbanization on carbon emissions constraint by such facts as per capita disposable income of urban residents and urbanization level and the proportion of secondary industry in GDP and energy efficiency.This dissertation analyses the reason of change of energy consumption and urban carbon emissions from industry and urban construction and traffic. Industrial energy consumption is a major part of urban energy consumption. Industrial energy consumption growth is the main reason for China's energy consumption growth, energy consumption increase of urban buildings and transportation is an important reason for the increase of total energy consumption.Econometric results show that industrial development contributes largestly to urban energy consumption and carbon emissions, and construction and transportation make an important role.To coordinate urbanization and energy consumption and carbon emissions we must take a low-carbon development path of urbanization, construct low-carbon city.