Study On Traditional Chinese Garden Planting Design Theories

From ancient times till now, people had deep feelings on plants. They befriended plants,expressed their emotions and philosophical ideas with plants. Thus, the unique planting design has came into being. With the evolution of design of landscape plants, people accumulated much experience fitting for natural conditions, cultural tradition and people's aesthetic psychology. Chinese traditional planting design is one of the excellent representatives in world's gardening system. Traditional Chinese garden always persists its way to develop the natural landscape garden from beginning to the end, and has formed a unique and outstanding landscape system.In different periods of Chinese history, combined with culture background and natural environment conditions, Chinese natural landscape garden has evolved its way with nature landscape garden. Landscape plants, as one of the four basic elements of landscape architecture, are under the same influence of natural landscape garden. As Mr. Li Zehou said that the unique characteristics of Chinese landscape design were the result of the Chinese traditional thoughts and the aesthetic philosophy based on "the humanization of the nature and the naturalization of human".Traditional Chinese garden planting design is incisive and vivid in expressing the idea of natural serene conducting educational idea through the scenery, blending of feeling and scene style. Based on the Chinese aesthetics standard, it made the traditional garden planting set up a school of its own. Traditional Chinese gardening art became a significant part of the brilliant traditional Chinese gardening art and also a vital component of the brilliant one in world's gardening art. With the process of urbanization and the gradual raising of environmental consciousness, planting design is attracting more and more attention. However, accounting for the incomplete theoretical system during the evolution process in the history,there arise quite a few problems in the practices, especially the lack of Yi(which is the intention of the traditional Chinese garden).It was to seek for the inheritance and development way of the traditional Chinese garden planting design through systemic study on traditional Chinese garden planting design methods in the dissertation.The core contents of this dissertation can be divided into four parts. On the basis of analyzing and summarizing a large number of literatures, the first part collated the history of development and cultural accumulation reviews in the traditional Chinese garden planting design. In the meantime, it was also summarized the traditional Chinese garden planting design development context, discussing the influence of planting design under Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism thoughts,literature and fine art. At last it was explored and analyzed the forming process of national characteristics in traditional Chinese garden planting design. Having analyzed the corresponding literatures and ancient gardens, the second part summed up concepts and methods of traditional Chinese garden planting design. The concepts and methods were based on "the root of human is the site which they live with, the root of the site is the harmony of the environment". And the design contents were "making Scenery out of Artistic Conception, creating circumstances with lush vegetation" "collecting similar plants according to the same habitat, creating a garden consist of specialized plants" "creating a garden consist of specialized plants, making Scenery from external environment" "making Scenery from external environment, melting human's emotions into scene" "enabling plant's shape, fragrance, texture being harmonious with circumstance, can make the plantscape pleasing to the eyes". The essence of design methods were conduced which was "Although it was learned from nature world, the design concepts would born from the heart." In the third part, it was focused on the comparison between Chinese and foreign traditional garden planting design and discussion of the differences and fusion of the two systems in order to learn from western theories which were to be used in Chinese ones. In the fourth part, it was showed the results of Status survey of traditional gardens in Beijing, and also illustrated some understanding and perspectives on the recovery and protection of traditional gardens. At the end of this part, it was indicated that how to root the tradition in the contemporary was a problem ahead of us and needed to be solved and researched.The author mainly focused on the loss of intention in the inheritance of modern garden planting design, and analyzed the principle of authenticity and integrity in the protection of ancient gardens. Combined with case analysis and personal design practices, it was also summarized the inheritance and development of design basis and creative thinking of traditional Chinese garden planting design which was taken "Yuan-ye" as representation. Researching on the new one needs studying the traditional one. It is of vital significance in guiding the way of Chinese plant design and carrying forward Ethnic characteristics of culture through research of the Chinese traditional garden planting design method and exploring breakthrough point and development direction of modern garden planting design. Only rooting in the excellent cultural tradition of our own, and then can we get in the track of our own way of the modern landscape architecture.