Simulating Growth Model And Regulating Accumulation Of Active Constituents In Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge

Crop simulation model is the agricultural scientific research, one of the most active field of research for the agricultural informatization management creates conditions. It is of significant importance for guiding agricultural production and increasing crop yield. Salvia miltiorrhiza, one of the traditional Chinese medicinal herbs, has important pharmacological activity. In China, S. miltiorrhiza is considered as medicinal crop, its the cultivated area is increasing gradually. Therefore, the growth simulation model is very important for guiding cultivation and obtaining high-yield, high-quality herbs of S. miltiorrhiza.2-year field experiment and 1-year pot experiment were conducted to investigate the effect of growth and active constituents in S. miltiorrhiza under transplanted date, density, fertilization and drought stress treatment. The results showed as follows,1 Different transplanted date and density treatments were used to study the influence of growing degree days (GDD) on the main stem leave age of S. miltiorrhiza. GDD was calculated with a base temperature of 10℃. The total leave number of S. miltiorrhiza was 18(9 paris). GDD of each pair leave was 11.7,32.5,14.4,19.5,59.4,19.3,34.6,40.9,23.9℃·d respectively, that of the total leave age was 256.0℃·d. Validation of these GDD showed the error of predicted time was less than 5d between observed values and simulated values. Total RMSE was 2.52d. The results showed these parameters can predict the main stem leave age of S. miltiorrhiza accurately.2 By using 2 transplanted date and 3 density treatments experiment data, the simulated model of normalized leave area index of S. miltiorrhiza was y = 0.006 ? 0.2773 x + 5.4149 x 2 ? 4.7189x3.The equation showed the LAI model contained 3 consecutive phases. After transplanted, LAI of S. miltiorrhiza was increasing, acceleration of LAI was maximum when the GDD was 880℃·d, LAI reached the maximum value when the GDD was 1699℃·d. Then the LAI was decreasing. The model can explain LAI dynamic of S. miltiorrhiza.3 Dynamic root dry weight of S. miltiorrhiza was measured and simulated with CurveExpert 1.3. The result showed simulated model of normalized root dry weight was as follows, 4.721 5.18611.6434y = 1+ e ?x the root dry weight increased in all growth phase and the root swelling period needed the GDD higher than 1900℃·d, this stage finished when the GDD was more than 2200℃·d. Model test showed that this model can explain root dry weight dynamic of S. miltiorrhiza.4 Six active constituents content of S. miltiorrhiza were determined by HPLC. Correlation coefficients were analysed among these six active constituents, total hydrophilic constituents, total tanshinones. The results indicated that salvianolic acid B was positive related to total hydrophilic constituents and rosmarinic acid. A significantly positive correlation was observed in tanshinone II A and the other three tanshinones, total tanshinones. The dynamic of salvianolic acid B and tanshinone II A can represented the active constituents content of S. miltiorrhiza. In the whole growth period, the content of salvianolic acid B changed like'W', the tanshinone II A like'M'.5 Growth and active constituents of S. miltiorrhiza at harvest time were investigated and the results showed that the aerial yield was improved with high density in T1, and that was decreased in T2 and T3. Root yield and the contents of active constituents had no significant rule among the transplanted date and density treatments. The highest yield of salvianolic acid B was observed in 25cm×25cm treatment in 2009, salvianolic acid B yield was increased with density in 2010. Tanshinone II A yield was increased with high density in T1, no rule was observed in T2 and T3.6 Photosynthetic light-response characteristics, growth, active constituents of S. miltiorrhiza was measured under different fertilization treatments. The results showed that compared to CK treatment, the net photosynthetic rate and the maximum net photosynthetic rate was increased significantly under N10,N20,MX treatment. The values of transpiration rate, intercellular CO2 concentration and stomatal conductance were increased significantly under N20 treatment. The values of light saturation point and light compensation point were decreased in N10 treatment, increased in N20 treatment; but in MX treatment, the former was increased, the later decreased. The aerial yield of S. miltiorrhiza was increased significantly under fertilization treatment, but the root yield had no significant increase under single nitrogen fertilization, mixture fertilization made the root yield increase remarkably. The content of active constituents, yield of salvianolic acid B and tanshinone II A was significant decreased under fertilization treatment.7 Used pot experiment, three water treatments were conducted to investigate changes of growth and active constituents in S. miltiorrhiza. The result showed that drought stress significantly decreased both shoot and root dry weight in S. miltiorrhiza, but increased the root to shoot ratio at later growth cycle. Except rosmarinic acid, the other active constituents content increased under drought stress conditions. Drought stress significantly decreased salvianolic acid B yield, but increased that of tanshinone IIA.