| Objective:To study the effect of ShenMai injection on neuronal plasticity and mechanism of action after Focal Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in rats.Methods:132 male and 132 female SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, MCAO/R(middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion) model group, Shenmai injection therapy group and the positive medicine control group (Panax pseudo-ginseng saponin). According to different drawing materials time there was 3 days,7 days, and 14 days time point after cerebral ischemia in each group, with 6 cases in each time point.Thread-induced occlusion of the middle cerebral artery was performed to establish the model of focal cerebral ischemia in model group, control group and Shenmai injection therapy group, but the middle cerebral arteries were exposed without occlusion in sham group. Panax pseudo-ginseng saponin or Shenmai injection was respectively applied to intraperitoneal injection six hours after surgery in corresponding group, while Sodium Chloride to the sham and model groups. The treatment was given once daily. Neurological deficit scores were observed in every group. then these rats were killed to be breaken out brain tissues as specimens after which were treated with medicine in 3,7,14 days. Synaptic number, the thickness of postsynaptic density (PSD) were observed by using transmission electronic microscope in the marginal zone of focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Immunhistochemistry was carried out to investigate the changes of neuronal plasticity markers GAP-43 and SYP protein, while RT-PCR was set up to detect the BDNF mRNA and Nogo-A mRNA variety of cerebrum cortex.Results:There were no obvious differences in neuroethology among these surgery groups at 1 day. Neurological deficit symptoms were aggravated in model group at 3 day,, and compared with that in model group, neurological deficit scores of Shenmai injection middle dose treatment groups significantly increased in muscle power tests (P<0.05). At 7days and 14 days, neurological deficit scores in all of Shenmai injection treated groups obviously better than those in model group (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the Shenmai injection middle dose treatment group winned the best therapeutic effect in improving some nervous deficit symptoms after cerebral ischemia in rats. The level of GAP-43 expression was increased rapidly 3 days after MCAO/R injury and then decreased gradually, while the SYP was decreased at first and then increased obviously at about 7 days after MCAO/R injury. the level of BDNF mRNA expression was increased immediately after MCAO/R injury and then decreased gradually, while the Nogo-A mRNA was decreased at first and then increased obviously at about 14 days after MCAO/R injury. Compared with the model group and the positive control group, Shenmai injection treated groups could obviously increase GAP-43 and SYP protein amount, up-regulate the expression of BDNF mRNA and down-regulate Nogo-A mRNA that in the cerebrum cortex at different period after rats MCAO/R injury(P<0.05). Rank correlation analysis revealed that there was a closely correlation between the changes of Bederson neurological deficit scores and GAP-43 protein, SYP protein, BDNF mRNA and Nogo-A mRNA respectively at 3 days,7 days and 14 days after cerebral ischemia.Conclusion:Neurologic impairment and pathomorphology changes of rats have the trend of self-repair after ischemic brain damage. The development and outcome of brain damage is affected by synaptic plasticity, reactive changes of GAP-43 protein, SYP protein, BDNF mRNA andîš´ogo-A mRNA, which indicates that brain plasticity is taken place after brain damage. ShenMai injection can improve brain plasticity and can be used as a therapy method after cerebral ischemia injury.
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