| Tribe Cimicigugeae of Ranunculaceae includs 5 genera, Beesia Balf. f. et W. W. Smith, Souliea Franch., Cimicifuga L, Actaea L. and Anemonopsis, approximately 40 species of herbs. The species are mainly distributed throughout the North America, Europe and Asia, and they have a long history of traditional use. In this thesis, the phylogeny, ethnopharmacology, pharmacology and chemical composition of the tribe Cimicifugeae attributed to the family of Ranunculaceae were compared on the basis of our chemical and pharmacological investigation of A. asiatica, and the therapeutic potential of tribe Cimicifugeae was highlighted and uncovered from the view of phamacophylogenetics.Through our chemical work on A. asiatica we found that the presence of a large number of 9,19-cycloartane glycosides and cinnamic acid derivates is a feature of this genera, which was same as the other Cimicifugeae plants. A new sub-type of 9,19-cycloartane glycosides withα,β-unsaturated keto structure in the side chain was isolated and named as asiaticoside.There were totally 31 compounds isolated from A. asiatica and 30 of them werecharacterized by spectroscopic and chemical methods, among which 3 were new compounds, 3 were new natural products and 30 of them were isolated for the first time from genus Actaea.The new compounds were named as: asiaticoside A, asiaticoside B and 25-O-ethylcimigenol-3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside. The known compounds were elucidated as: cimiacemoside I, 25-O-acetylcimigeno13-O-β-D-xylopyranoside, 25-anhydracimigenol-3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside,cimigenol,cimigenol-3-one, cimiacernol B, 25-O-acetylcimigenol, 12β-hydroxycimigenol, 23-epi-26-deoxyactein,27-deoxyacetylacteol, 26-deoxycimicifugenin, neocimicigenoside, acetyl shengmanol xyloside, 12β-acetoxycimigenol-3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside),cimigenol-3-O-β-D-xylopy ranoside and cimiaceroside B, ferulic acid, methyl caffeiate, isoferulic acid, visnagin, norkhellol, cimifugin, norcimifugin, (Z)-3-(3'-methyl-2'-butenylidene)-2-indolinone and (E)-3-(3'-methyl-2'-butenylidene)-2-indolinone,β-sistorel and tridecanoic acid- 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester.Compound from A. asiatica were screened for their cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines and effects on the proliferation of UMR 106 osteoblast cells. Cinnamic acid derivates and indolinol alkaloids could significantly increase the proliferation rate of UMR 106 cells with estradiol as positive control. Cycloartane glycosides could induce the apoptosis of cancer cell line and hopefully to be a new resource of anti-tumor agents. Thereafter. anti-tumor and anti-osteoporosis activity of those compound mentioned above need to be further explored.Comprising our present research and the literature record for the chemical, pharmacological and phylogeny research of tribe Cimicifugeae, we proposed that genera Actaea and Cimicifuga have a close phylogeny relationship because of their similarity in chemical constituents and medical use. Actaea and Cimicifuga together could be treated as a branch of tribe Cimicifugeae, and Actaea is relatively advanced, considering its diagnostic and karyological characters.Beesia was an independent branch of this tribe and Souliea should be intermediate between genera Beesia and Cimicifuga from the view of chemotaxonomy.There is a close relationship between the cycioartane triterpenoids constituents and the anti-toxic, anti-pyretic effect of tribe Cimicifuga, thereafter, we proposed the cycioartane triterpenoids constituents to be a new resource of anti-tumor and anti-virus agents.
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