| Objective:Cynomorium songaricum polysaccharides(CSP) are the main components of Cynomorium songaricum Rupr.(CSR).The anti-senescence effects of CSP and the regulation mechanism of telomerase were studied.Effects of anti-oxidation and anti-aging of different extractions of CSR were compared to explore which components were the most effective.The effects of CSP on immune function and the activity of telomerase,as well as the telomere length in blood and brain tissues and the expression of telomerase reverse transcriptase(TERT) mRNA in bone marrow and testis of the D-galactose-induced aging mice were studied.Methods:D-gal-induced aging mice were fed by gavages on the extractions by water,ethanol,and ethyl acetate of CSR respectively. After 8 weeks,the activities of CAT,TAOC,and GSH-PX in blood were determined.Kunming mice were intraperitoneal injected D-galactose(500 mg·kg-1·d-1)to make the aging models,and different dosages of CSP were given by gavages for 56 days.Spleen coefficient and thymus coefficient were determined.MTT method was used to detect the proliferated number of the bone marrow cells.Lymphocyte transformation rate and peritoneal macrophage phagocytic rate in vivo were tested.The activity of telomerase in the testis of the mile mice were detected by Elisa method.Kunming mice were intraperitoneal injected D-galactose to make the aging models,and different dosages of CSP(20,40,80 mg·kg-1) were given by garages for 56 days.The average length of telomere was determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.The expression of TERT mRNA was determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR.Results:The water and ethanol extraction of CSR had significantly abilities of anti-oxidation and anti-aging process.Compared with the aging group,activities of CAT,TAOC,and GSH-PX in aging mice fed on water extraction of CSR increased significantly.CSP water extraction contained 65.64%polysaccharide. Refined CSP with the content of 93.2%,the average molecule weight of which was 1.29×105。CSP could increase immune function of the aging mice.Low, middle and high dosages of CSP could cause a significant increase of the proliferated number of the bone marrow cells in the aged mice (P＜0.01).High dosages of CSP could significantly increase the lymphocyte transformation rate(P＜0.01) and the peritoneal macrophage phagocytic rate(P＜0.05).High and middle dosages of CSP could significantly increase the activity of telomerase.Relative T/S ratio of group high and middle dosages of CSP in blood were(1.64±0.36),(1.33±0.28),respectively,higher than the group of senescence(1.01±0.13)(P＜0.01).Values of the group of high, middle,and low dosages of CSP in brain tissues were(3.34±0.58), (2.30±0.75),(1.55±0.58),significantly higher than the group of senescence(1.04±0.33)(P＜0.01).The mean of the Relative TERT/ GAPDH ratio in bone marrow of all of the polysaccharides groups were higher than that of the senescence model group.But,only the high dosage CSP(1.0129±0.0106) was significantly higher than the senescence model group(1.0000±0.0021) (P＜0.05).Values of the group of high,middle,and low dosages of CSP in testis were(1.0004±0.0002),(1.0006±0.0003),(1.0009±0.0007), significantly higher than the group of senescence(1.04±0.33) (P＜0.05).Conclusion:CSP can exert the anti-aging effects by promoting the process of transcription,prolonging the telomere length,and increasing the activity of senescence mice.The research on mechanism of telomerase regulate the effect of CSP of anti-senescence will provide some evidence for CSP to applying in the clinical to prolong life-span.
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