The Thoughts Of Modernization And The Model Of "the Government-Supervised And Merchant-Run System" Of Sheng Xuanhuai

The Westernization Movement during late Qing Dynasty places a core status in the course of Chinese modernization and is also a typical case to study the success and failure of that course, and it has great value in reality by propelling Chinese modernization. These are partly because that Chinese traditional thoughts and civilization fell into a crisis and a never met dilemma after the Opium War, futhermore, it because that the Westernization Movement is a reform to respond for the crisis and dilemma by thoughts, institution and implements. This reform tried to communicate the traditional and modern times, east and west civilization by Chinese traditional thoughts subjectively and objectively. It is also the basic problem which we must face for today. In a long time, there are many divergence of views about the movement, eapacialy about Sheng Xuan-huai, a famous industrialist and the model of "the Government-Supervised and Merchant-Run System". Sheng was a complicated and contradictory one in the westernization movement and he ont only was argued because "the Government-Supervised and Merchant-Run System", but also took part in the political and economic activity widely. He had a complete and initial thought of modernization, established many industrial and commercial enterprises. In the meantime, he believed in keeping the dominant position and function of government firmly.From the views of modernization and Sheng is one of the strong promoter of Chinese modernization, the paper consider the model of "the Government-Supervised and Merchant-Run System" has a kind of double-meaning. On one hand, the success and failure of the movement explained that the power of country was kernel and unsubstitute in the modern transformation of late-developing countries; on the other hand, economic base was the dynamic wellhead of the modernization and Chinese thoughts of modernization during late Qing Dynasty couldn't overcome some limit and foundation to harmonize the dynamic economic society and the country. There was not a interactivity between the public servant and merchant. Through the study of Sheng and the model, this paper excavates Sheng's thought of modernization which was not paid close attention to, and rethinks the historical meaning of the westernization movement, and re-evaluates the movement from the point of view about produce-model and structuring the state-society relationship positively. At the same time, this paper take the history as a mirror, studies the deep influence of the model of "the Government-Supervised and Merchant-Run System", and the fuction and obligation of government power in the modern transition, and the relationship between government, market and enterprise under the Chinese context. At the base of above, this paper presents the real feature about the thought and history of Chinese modernization.