Disciplinary Education ¡¤ Academic: Discipline View Of The History Of Chinese Literature

The discipline has established its historical existence on the resultant forces of academic thought,disciplinary institution and social ideology. The history of discipline is not only the historical space but also the existence mode of the academic history. To clarify the historical genealogy of discipline is the fundamental demands of the history of discipline. The establishment of discipline of literature has experienced the historical process from the former subjects to the modern ones. The process of formation and establishment for the discipline of literature not only means the appearance of literary knowledge and theory system, but also concerns the generation of the literary essence.From Han dynasty, academic system of China has already formed the basic pattern in which study of Confucian classics was the main. While theories of prose, theories of poetry and prose and Study of belles-letters, which were associated with the discipline of modern literature, could not gain the independent academic status, bacause they existed as the vassal of study of Confucian classics. From Ming dynasty, although Jesuit missionaries could not touch this pattern by the introduction of the western learning and the system of discipline, the appliance of the chinese word "literature" not only had given it new semantics, but also had built a platform which provided the communicate between chinese discipline and western ones. At the beginning of 20th century, modern academic and the system of discipline have been formed on the base of the appearance of modern university. Under such circumstances, the discipline of literature in the modern sense has been established. But the appearance of department of literature in educational structure was not synchronized with the consciousness of the discipline of literature in the academic sense.At the beginning of the Republic of China, History of Chinese Literature, Chinese Literature and Introduction to Literature had been founded as the framework of the basic course which belongs to the discipline of literature, and this case was represented by Chinese Department of Peking University. But establishing the literature as the specialized discipline had largely stemed from demand of the times which was to preserve national culture quintessence. Then at this time, Chinese Department critically inherited the traditional academic as its goal. Then Introduction to Literature which studies literature from theoretical angle was influenced, so it did not become the main part of the system of discipline in Chinese Department. In the mean time, as the Essential ism in the philosophical sense was not completely established, Theory of Literature Essence largely stayed in the definition of the literary quality and character.After the foundation of the People's Republic of China, the academic status of Theory of Literature has been promoted, while the discussion which used essential attribute to replace essence had widely existed in the construction of the system of Introduction to Literature. From the stand of Marxist Essentialism, litarature was the ideology which was formed in the history, and its works and activities were the form by which the literature as the ideology presented itself.