Studies On The Pattern School In Qing Dynasty

There were verve, spirit, pattern theory and texture school of the four poetry genres in the Qing dynasty.At present, the research work circles on the first two more research, and for the later two schools there have little study system, in-depth study also has not been seen. Pattern school is one of the influencing poetry genres, its leaders were Shen De-qian ,an important figures in the research history and poetry history impossible to avoid. But by his old age's influence of political experience, the evaluation of his academic is lower , even most is depreciated. This thesis with " pattern school in Qing dynasty "is an attempt to fill the status quo, academic blank.The pattern school of poetry is generated from the inevitable result of the Qing history, has its inherent deep logic. The produce of external environment of flourishing background, since the heyday of cultural atmosphere and literati mentality.And the internal reason is originated from the song pie, lured the verve of the two aspects of ills said.Pattern started to use to the literary criticism field, just the general sense of poetic theory. The real rose to the style of poetic law, and the theoretical height style of Ming and Qing dynasties far-reaching influence, said YanYu indisputably the surging wave of poetry. In addition, the early Gao bing edited the taste of the poetry of Tang,also has very a big effect. Pattern theoty officially become a retro pie flags, began in LiDongYang's theory .After that ,LiMengYang further inherited from his theory. In view of the obvious distortions, HeJingMing ,XuZhenQing, Wangshizhen, Huyinglin began to correct the theory.But, such corrections within established rules is limited , its purpose is to compromise mediate, so its rationality is very restricted.So,Qian qian-yi and the school of GongAn , which the opposite of Ming style criticize the pattern theory. But, it also exposed some questions. So,the poets of Qing dynasty started a new round of amend. YeXie , Wang shi-zhen and Mao xian-shu,,amends the theory more acceptble. More inportant,they laid a theoretical foundation toThe pattern school.The theory of the pattern school emphasize resourful poem shut temperament with Qing dynasty, this is from "pattern priority to temperament priority" turn the projection aerofoil fengwen.on poetic. Second, to avoid the shortcomings of the Ming style, missing the evils, in some extent ,they learn the importance of all emphasize intellect. Its also emphasize grades of perfect combination with character. And in imitation, the experienced object from tang dynasty to imitate multilearning transformation. The leader of pattern school, Shen De-qian, is the most important in this paper. We discuss his personality, poetry content and the close relationship between the poetry style. Guileless and gentle, Ann poor sober were Shen De-qian personality traits. The core category were Shen De-qian poetic thought"tender and gentle", involving poet, personality, poetry content, poetry expression three levels, it is the embodiment of the Confucian poem teaching and detailed, but also by the Qing dynasty promoted the poem teaching since heavy, reforming of the influence of traditional Confucian poetics. Although Shen De-qian "tender and gentle" said was been criticized, the main reason lies in its "tender and gentle" say really exists serious limitations. Shen De-qian pattern said including system rhythmic, art style, the meaning of prime level three aspects.The first meaning with system of Ming peulthai's style said there is no different, which regarded as the main basis inheriting peulthai the mantle. And just art style, two side, prime level were Shen De-qian has transcended the pattern of Ming's narrow categories. More importantly, pattern said subject to tender and gentle "poem",its significance is undoubtedly a far-reaching. It makes always focus on the "style of poems embody system," not enter formalist footsteps. It also helps to enhance the quality accomplishment, and enrich the writer of poetry, so as to improve social content of social value and poetry aesthetic value. The poems of Shen's can be classified into reflect the reality of the poems, idyllic poems, landscape poetry,historical poetry,people poetry ,poetry category system,etc. Although his poems have shortcomings, mostly have substantial content.Founded in their hometown,the city of Suzhou, were Shen De-qian early poetry society which can be regarded as the early period of the school. ChengJin, Chouzhun,Gu yi-lu,are the early reprerentatives. Late in poetry, representing wuzhong peulthai,they made great achievements in the poetry,and the theory were more important.So, they are the backbone of the style of pie, but also the object of this paper emphatically discusses. Wuzhong peulthai, among them,WangChang with its poetry theory, poetry achievement become another leader, can regarded as another leader of the school. ZhaoWenZhe, with his glorious death, and the southwest landscape poetry achievement become a very special poet. WangMingCheng early poetry, poetry of outstanding talent, by the middle of his age ,he became interested to learn the history. CaoWenHu was Infamous in his early years with rich content in his poetry, but he later all but falls into court poets.Qian Da-xin can be regarded as "historian poets". WuTailai devoted himself to a similar to the life of a recluse, but also make the poem a fishing, poetic style,which is relatively single. HuangWenLian is the weakest poet . In addition, ChuTingZhang and ZhangXiChun can be regarded as the late style send wings. In the last, put them on the basis of a comparison to find their similarities and differences, or find what the development of the pattern theory.At the same time, there wereYuan mei's spitit school, LI er's zhejiang poetry school and WengFangGang texture school. Analysis with the three style send the relationship between poetry, and can know Qing dynasty poets expounded the style of influence .besides, still can in some degree of Qianlong dynasty examines toward a condition, thus the more clearly displayed pattern theory in the history of Qing dynasty poetics in status.Finally, the article probes into the reasons of the causes of the pattern school's decline. Judging from the inside of their poetic theory, from a certain extent it headed to the history of the dead end; Plus after Shen De-qian died,WangChang apparently unable to surpport it . External reason is originated from The spirit school, zhejiang poetry school especially The spirit school's rise and significant impact.