.1912-1937 Hunan's Economic Modernization Study

To research the economic history in period district in republic, has been becoming all an investigative and weak link in academic circles since then, while regard Hunan as the individual cases to proceed the research, being more seldom seen. You can say that it has being no work up to now that study the economy of Hunan in republic completely, just occasionally involve a certain aspect in some works and thesises. It emphasized to review the achievements in studying the Hunan economic history in republic ages since the 1980' s.Proceeding the economic history studies, exsits a main line problem. Main line once decided , it becomes the center that pierce through the talks , joins the part of the research object's closely and becomes an individual department, in order to make the reader know the character in economic changes in the space and time .The thesis regards economic modern as the main line, describes, analyses and evaluates economic development process of the period(1912 — 1937) Hunan in republic with the modern angel of view .The economy modernization is an entity whoes contents are extremely abundant. From the general theories meaning, it includes the industry, agriculture, business, transportation and others. Exactly according to this kind of consideration, I set up the textual contents.Before talking about the just statements( namely chapter 1), it is necessary to look back the economic change of Hunan of the late Qing dynasty.It emphasizes to study the economic conditions and characteristics. In the first section, analyzing modern age mineral industry, modern age machine and electrician' s industry, modern age light industry, modern age transportation, modern age agriculture,, modern age handicraft industry, modern age business and foreign trade etc. rise with development, all express the economic changes of Hunan from traditional forms to modern age. In seconds,it mainly discusses the capitalism in Hunan product industry,business, handicraft industry and the semi-colony characteristic in Hunan economy:The investment construction of the modern age industry of Hunan was very irreasonable and developed abnormally. It became semi-colony in the shipping industry and the foreign trade of Hunan.The economic modernization problem of period(1912 — 1937) Hunan in republic is discussed in five chapters spaces of the text.The detailed discussion for finance condition is made in the second chapter . A nation or region wants to proceed economic developments, having no the certain financial power support is what a line of impossabilities. A treatise for first, finance changing is introduced essentially, forbehind which provides a view in space and time. Immediately after, basing on the primitive statistics, square ambition, cultural heritage with newspapers and magazines , I use modern angle of view point to discuss the problem of income with expend, public finance sorting, public finance budget, finance and currency etc and point out the obvious modernity in each aspect.According to the general standpoint in academic circles, the modernization is industrialization,the chapter 3 is a textual composing the point. It mainly discuss their developing road from five aspects:the mineral industry was abnormal, the light industry had twists and turns, the machine industry was weak, the handicraft industry was extrovert. The province modernization was very slow because the industry developed insufficiently .In chapter 4, through analyzing food and cash crop yield having increased, I think that the agriculture should recieve slow-moving development in this period, while analyzing the technical improvement in agricultureof the species improvement, the fertilizer increasement .cultivate system etc and in the farm implements, agriculture machine and the water conservancy, the agriculture organization . I think that the agriculture productivity have advanced. But governed by the semi-feudal and half colonial, the farmers suffer from the landlords and the usuries, the farm tax and excise tax, rent charge, usury outruns the normal le...