The Criticism And Introspection Of Feminine Literature

From its beginning, the feminism has brought intense impact on social life and ideology, also, has brought appearance change of human history and culture pattern. As an ideological trend, the feminism broadens the space of literary writing and the horizon of literature criticism. However, in a trend that commodity economy rules the whole world, and in the post-modern cultural context, feminism is faced with challenge as well, with not only various old conflicts unprecedentedly sticking out, but also new problems emerge continuously. Under this precondition, through commenting on women's novels of recent years, problems and symptoms of present local feminine writing are analyzed in this thesis. Moreover, basing on reflection on the feminism, the developing direction of feminine literature is being explored. This thesis is divided into three chapters:The 1st chapter, Anti-feminism Symptoms during Feminine Writing, The object discussed includes novels based on feminist standpoint and novels with the characteristics of "body writing". The former is renowned for its strong feminine awareness in the texts and the same strong tendency of inspecting the male, with the authors Zhang Jie, Tie Ling and Xu Xiaobin as its representatives. The latter maintains describing body, representing and publicizing the feminine desire, is represented by what is called "the Beauty Writer".There are three sections in this chapter. In the first section, it describes and analyzes the feature of "three highlights" in feminine writing: the narrator highlights female figure in all figures in the story, highlights heroine from female figures, and highlights the writer's own experience and interests from the heroine. It is indicated that the interests of feminine writing tends to be same, which are also displayed in the modeling of abnormal figure and singularity of narrative vioce. In the second section, it emphasizes to analyze the coarse configuration of "body" in current feminine writing. It is thought that the body, which is described by "the Beauty writer", is the female body that is the model of the crowd or congeners. This "body" is not the symbol of rebellion or vanguard ,but the top level of the masses' consumption. The author indicates that, in the last generation of feminine writing, "personalization" or "individualism" still had some revolutionary significance. However, accompanied with modernization accelerating and prosperous economy, technical rationalism also reveals its tremendous power in local land, "personal", "individual" and "family" these categories, same as "class" or "revolution", gradually lose their connotation of criticism and transform into "descriptive, deceptive and operative terms" as Marcus said. The expatiation of the third section intentionally indicates that, feminine writing sets intuition and rationalism into the contradictories, advocates intuition and depreciates rationalism. This results in creating the new excuses for the domination andoppression of masculine hegemonism, and betraying the feminine discipline of identification of diversity and differences. In the feature of text, it makes women's self-discovery and self-expression degenerate into immoderate self-inflation, thus making feminine writing unable to undertake the mission of composing women . What's worse, the text will be alienated to be anti-feminism.The 2nd chapter, Feminism Value in Non-feminine Writing, traces some key words chosen such as "the other", "sisterhood", "body politics", "body politics" and "watch" etc in feminine literature, in order to correct the misuse and abuse of theoretical category in the study of feminine literature at present to some extent. The object of this chapter is women's novel beyond "feminine writing". Besides examining the open quality that the literary idea and mode of thinking of feminism has, this chapter also aims at investigating the feminism significance of non-feminine writing.There are four sections in this chapter. Section one is about "the other", "the other" means object or target, opposite to subject, a reference by which subject establish itself. The correlativity of "the other" should be existent impersonally. But in history, women's status of "the other" is absolutely, because for sexual relations, due to the long-term edification and influence of the patriarchy, in the profundity of feminine consciousness, they could only regulate themselves by the ways by which the men regulated women, they could only understand and estimate themselves with men's perspectives. This section analyzes the achievements and significance of non-feminine writing in the aspect of displaying the state of "the other" in accordance with the novels written by Wang Anyi, Meng Hui, etc. In the second section, "sisterhood" is discussed. "Sisterhood" appeared as a political phrase mainly, and around 1980's, it gradually faded from feminism movement, but it is still one of the key categories in creation and criticism of feminine literature. This section analyzes the Utopian character of "sisterhood", by the case of three-round relations in women's novel since New-times. And elaborates the complexity of the relations of women in the corporate environment by taking Sun Huifen's novel as an example. Section Three is about "body". "Body" is regarded as the media or place of sexual politics in feminine literature. Its connotation is: 1) Self-reliant feminine individual. This idea of "body" emphasizes that women, the same as men, are the subjective selfhood. 2)Feminine writing overturns the meaning of "body" in the duality structure of soul-flesh in which soul takes priority. This idea of "body" embodies both soul and flesh without any prejudice and no grade though both have their own characters. 3)It is also the "body" which overthrows the soul-flesh duality structure. However, this "body" replaces the Soul-priority body, it is thought that sexual experience is the central even whole content of feminine existent experience. Current indigenous "body writing" actually misapplies or abuses the body theory of feminine writing intentionally or casually, the test characteristic tend to "woman's novel" which was mentioned by Rosalind Calder. Section Four analyzes that the female view the male during...