Investigation Of Specialists In Kunming To Yunnan And Dalianshan Mountain Area During The Anti-Japanese War

After Lugouqiao Incident, many institutions of higher learning and some research institutes in North China and Southeast Coastland moved to the west in succession. And then, there formed an unprecedented transfer movement of culture and education in history of China. In this sarging transfer, over 70 colleges and universities moved to the great rear in the south-west, in which 13 institutions moved to Yunnan Province including National Beijing University, National Qinghua Univwesity, Private Nankai University, and most of them settled down in Kunming. Because of the above and Yunman University which had been changed from province-run to state-run, Kunming lying in the rear was becoming one of the cultural and educational centers of China. The most famous university-Qinghua, Beida and Nankai, united to form Southwest United University. Southwest UnitedUniversity lasted a longest term in Kunming -8 years and made the greatest success in running a university jointly. So it is the famous university among universities moving to Yunnan which had the greatest representativeness and influence on Yunnan or even the whole southwest. Therefore, the paper mainly probes ethnologist and sociologists' on-the-spot investigation is Southwest United University and Yunnan University to Yunnan and Dalianshan Mountain Area during the Anti-Japanese War.During the Anti-Japanese War, in Southwest United University and Yunnan University, a group of well-versed in ancient and modern, China and the West learning famous ethnologists, sociologists and anthropologists launched on-the-spot investigation about minority nationality languages, folkways and folk custom, social construction, rural economy, population, geography, etc in Yunan and Dalianshan Mountain Area the ethnic border areas under the short of investigation funds, the lock of material and the difficulty of life. These people spared no effort paying visits and launching on-the-spot investigation in high mountains and dense forests, sparsely populated minority nationality areas. They ate outdoors and slept in the open air, were combed by the wind and washed by the rain, scaled mountains and forded streams to carry on the tough on-the-spot investigation work. Apart from hungry and tiredness, they were also on guard against tropical diseases. Just in so difficult conditions, these experts and scholars made unremitting efforts and reaped rich fruits in investigation, which developed a vast field for people to realize and study the community and cultural styles of Yunnan and Dalinshan Mountain Area frontier of minority nationality areas. These people had achieved and made great contribution to making Ethnology and Sociology to be learning of Chinese. Yunan was an important experimental base making Ethnology and Sociology to be Chinese learnings.Writer's dissertation will present the developing cause and brilliant achievements of Ethnology and Sociology of China in Yunnan province which has in the rear of the war. According to writer's view, these achievements not only depicted the community styles in the frontier in Yunnan province of China. During the Anti-Japanese War, but these experts and scholars penetrating viewpoints and profound ideology acquired through on-the -spot investigation still have enlightenmental significance for theory and guiding significance for reality even today for us how to pratice the strategy of developing the west and how to conduct the aid-the-poor programme and developing work in western minority nationsality areas.Mr. Fei Xiaotong-the great of our time and famous socilolgy ever stated with affection, "Yunnan was cradle of Chinese Sociology!" (Fei Xiantong, Three Villages in Yunnan) .This great rear-Yunnan province was an important experimental base of making Ethnology and Sociology to be Chinese learnings. The purposes of this paper is not only giving a brief account of and commenting on ethnologists and sociologists' tough work and rich fruits in Southwest United University and Yunnan University during the Anti-Japanese War; careful investigation plan and f...