Amis For The Semantic Features Of Verbs And Structural Analysis

Amis language organizes its sentence structure in the word order of "V-S-O" . Its predicate is mainly acted by the verbs and the verb always locates on the head. The morphological form of the verb regulates the case mark of other components and the generation of syntax semantic structure.The verbs of Amis language can be naturally classified into ni-type and ma-type by an opposite morphological form classification. In this thesis, the author thinks that this kind of opposition is actually relative with the truth that whether the verb has the semantic feature of volition or not at semantic perspective.In order to prove the hypothesis, this thesis tries to distill the pursuant semantic feature of the verb to make it possible to classify the verbs, which is based on the work of describing all semantic features of the verb limitlessly and particularly. And then, we can classify the first category into the second one and then the third one according to the other discriminative semantic features.By doing so, we find that the verb of Amis language has many different semantic features, such as volition, non-volition, action, causing, displacement, placing, execution, information, present, claim, change, mentality, character, relation and so on. However, volition andnon-volition is the most important semantic feature to classify the verbs in Amis language.Hereby, all verbs can be divided into the volition verbs and the non-volition verbs. The former are marked by prefix 'ni-' and the later are marked by prefix 'ma-' .Analyzing from the glossary, the volitional verbs have such semantic features as volition and action or causing, displacement, placing, execution, information, present, claim etc. And that the non-volitional verbs have their semantic features including non-volition, change, mentality, character and relation.Considering the semantic tendency, the meaning of the volition generally tends to the doer of the action in a sentence subject, which can be brought into effect, including person, animal, and the creatures who can bring into effect in the Amis nationality cognition system, and the receiver of object, too. Commonly, the meaning of the non-volition only tends to its non-volitional doer. Only and only if the non-volitional verbs possess the semantic feature of passiveness and the object is involved at the same time, the tendency of the non-volitional semantic element is bi-tendency.The volitional doer acts as subject and the receiver acts as object in the sentence of volitional verb. The non-volitional doer acts as adverbial modifier when the non-volitional verb has the passiveness semanticelement.The volitional verbs and the non-volitional verbs all have four kinds of aspect category. The volitional verbs have initiative morphological form and the causing form, which can be changed into normal style, dispositional style and passive style. But the non-volitional verbs only have one style-the normal style of initiative form.The command tone and the desire tone of the volitional verbs are marked by prefix 'pi-' ,and the non-volitional verbs are marked by prefix 'ka-' .When the volitional verbs are negated by the negative adverbs such as tsua, aka and aka kaatsa, they are marked by prefix 'pi-' .On the other hand, the non-volitional verbs are marked by prefix 'ka-' . The negative adverb of na?aj only can be used to negate the volitional verbs.However,tsasa tsa and awa only can be used to negate the pas sive form ofthe volitional verbs.The one argument transitive verbs of volition can form 2 kinds of basic semantic structure models and the non-volitional transitive verbs can form 3 kinds of basic semantic structure models. The two argument transitive verbs of volition can form 4 kinds of basic semantic structure models and the non- volitional transitive verbs can form 5 kinds of basic semantic structure models. The three argument transitive verbs ofvolition can form 2 kinds of basic semantic structure models and the non-volitional transitive verbs only can form 1 kind of basic semantic structure model. Gene...