The Multiple Investigation Of The "V+zi/er/tou" In Modern Chinese

The article mostly studies the "verbal root + zi/ er/ tou" in modern Chinese (the verbal root is monosyllabic). The theory of "Putonhua(Mandarin) -Ancient Chinese - Dialect" is the main theoretical background of this article. And the author studies the "verbal root + zi/ er/ tou" with multi-angle, emphasizing on the integration of form and meaning, static and dynamic study, description and interpretation.The article consists of six parts:Preface: This part discusses the affixes in Modern Chinese, the name of these affixes and how to classify affixes at first. Secondly review the historical studies about etyma and affix. Presently many scholars take the nominal etyma as the main object to study. And the instance of the etyma being the other part of speech is just mentioned by the way. So the article mainly studies the structure of "V + zi/ er/ tou"Part One: Investigating the "V+zi/ er /tou " from synchronic perspective:Chapter1: Investigating the "v+zi(suffix)" . Firstly, identifying the words of the "V+zi" , and classifying it as two categories by the characters of the verbal root. Secondly, classifying the "V+zi" by its referential type and then analyzing the expression and the cause of this kind of phenomenon.Chapter2: Investigating the "V+er(suffix)" . There are many different interpretations to the "er" , so this part at first discusses the characters of "er" , and analyzes its function in the light of its characters; At last this chapter analyses the syntactic expressions of the "V+er" , and finds out the whole function of the "V+er" is kind of complex. :V+erNV+erVV+erLMoreover, this part discusses some questions about the standard of using some terms about "er" .Chapter 3: Investigating the "V+tou (suffix). Firstly, this part discusses the two different usages of the affix "tou" . One is named "tou2" , affixed behind verbs, indicating the meaning or value of doing something, the other is named "toul" , which is in the process of grammaticalization, and its lexical meaning has become very weak. Because there are many various points of view about the " V+tou2" , this part mainly studies the " V+tou2" with synchronic perspective. The methods of study include: 1. Seeking the process venation of the development of the "V+zi/er/touM in history river of ancient Chinese. Meanwhile, attesting this process by modern Chinese dialects. 2. Analyzing and interpreting the "V+zi/er/tou " and other kinds of correlative phenomena through modern linguistic theories.Part Two: Investigating the "V+ zi/ er /tou n with diachronic perspective:Chapterl firstly studying the date of the appearance of the structure of "V+ zi/ er /tou. " and the semantic types, and finding out that every change of the language form is related to the improvement of the humankind' s cognitive competence. It is also the result of the economical principle of languageChapter2 Investigating the relationship between the development thread of each structure and the similar kinds of language phenomena in modern Chinese: Why some disappeared very soon after they appeared while others developed very quickly and are used extensively?...