Social Existance Ontology

Based on the theories of Marx's practical philosophy, this paper expounds Lukacs' construction of the ontology of Marxism. It consists of five chapters:Chapter one analyses the origin of the trouble the traditional ontology faces and introduces the thought of reconstruction in modern ontology by introducing the different types of ontology in the history of philosophy. Lukacs, the distinguished theorist of Marxism, analyses the philosophical theories of Marxism with his own, specific point of view, and reconstructs the ontology of Marxism, realizing a new attempt of reconstructing the modern ontology.Chapter two briefly expounds the theory of reification and the dialectics of the subject-and-object unity, the resolution of the theoretical disputes in his period , the study of the social existence ontology in his old age. It reflects the coherence and consistence of Lukacs' thought. Lukacs perfects the subject-and-object unity dialects by introducing the concept of the social existence labor ontology.Chapter three deeply analyses the basic categories of the Lukacs' ontology: labor, reconstruction, consciousness, alienation, which form the basic frame the social existence ontology.Chapter four is about Lukacs' explanation of the connotation of the social existence ontology of the Marx's philosophy, reflecting four themes: First, nature is the presupposition of social existence. Second, labor creates human beings and decides the nature of human beings. Third, purposive labor drives the social development. Fourth, labor is the root of the real life. This chapter and the second chapter constitute the important parts of this paper.Chapter five appraises the social existence ontology of Lukacs. On the one hand , Lukacs' social existence ontology develops the basic theories of Marxism , on the other hand, Lukacs' theory leads to the tendency of studying the philosophy of Marxism from the point of view of ontology, making the ontology of Marxism the cornerstone of Marx's thought of reconstructing the harmonious society based on the principal emphasizing human needs.