| Among the discoveries in 20th century, the discovery of Dunhuang documents is the greatest one. The Dunhuang documents has been widely concerned and tudied, especially by scholars from the fields of history, culture, language, literature, eligion and philosophy. The study on Dunhuang documents has been an international hotsubject——Dunhuang Study, for the remarkable variety of its study fields and thepopulous scholars studying on it.On the aspect of literature study, at the beginning, scholars were focusing on the folk literature and elegant literature, but not on Memorial Obituarese. Although such situation had been changed since 1980s, studies on Dunhuang Memorial Obituarese are just skin-deep and Dunhuang Memorial Obituarese was not studied as a whole. But Dunhuang Memorial Obituarese is rich in contents and texts, based on which, this paper focuses on it and tries to study it as a whole and from various angles.Based on documents of Dunhuang Memorial Obituarese, combining the history and reality, laying equal stress on both textual research and description, this paper carefully analyses the contents of folk custom, religion, language and literature contained in Dunhuang Memorial Obituarese.This paper has five parts.The first part is the foreword. In this part, the paper discusses the origin and development of Dunhuang Memorial Obituarese and reviews the current situation ofDunhuang Memorial Obituarese study. Furthermore, on the basis of the achievement of other scholars, the paper identifies the name of Dunhuang Memorial Obituarese and its branches as Jiwen(Memorial Ceremony Obituarese), inkuangwen(Obituarese for funeral), Wangwen (Obituarese for death), Xingxiangwen(Obituarese for burning joss sticks), Tuofuwen (Obituarese for taking off mourning dress).etc. Then, the paper concludes the general situation of Dunhuang Memorial Obituarese in the about 150 Dunhuang Handwritten Books and re-names some of the Dunhuang Memorial Obituarese.The second part is on the folk custom and religion in Dunhuang Memorial Obiruarese. The paper analyses the folk custom in Dunhuang Memorial Obituarese from the custom of burning joss sticks on anniversary of death, custom of praying for harvest, custom of funeral ceremony, custom of memorizing animals, etc. The paper reveals the Buddhism contents in Dunhuang Memorial Obituarese by through analyzing the Buddhism ceremonies, Buddhism argumentation, funeral of monks and nuns. The paper reveals the Taoism contents in Dunhuang Memorial Obituarese by through analyzing the Taoism ceremonies, Taoism argumentation, etc. Though Buddhism and Taoism repel one another, they also absorb and merge some elements from each other. In the Dunhuang Memorial Obituarese, 49 days after the death of a Taoist priest, a memorial ceremony shall be held. In some Wangwen for monks or nuns, even in some Memorial Obituarese in the Memorial Ceremony hosted by monks or nun, Taoism was represented more or less. All these are evidences that Taoism and Buddhism have absorbed and infiltrated some elements from one another.The third is about the vocabulary of Dunhuang Memorial Obituarese. Take the dictionaries like "Chinese Dictionary" and "Dictioanry of Languages of Tang Dynasty and the Wudai Dynasties" as references, the paper reveals and lists out some words and characters left out in the dictionaries, which will be a reference when revising these dictionaries. Because of the style, Dunhuang Memorial Obituarese is rich in disyllabic synonyms. As well, there are many synonyms ofsame semantics, for instance, there are 33 disyllabic synonyms to express grief and sadness. The paper chooses 16 groups of disyllabic synonyms and analyzes their origin and development in detail, which is making contribution to the study of synonyms and semantics. Dunhuang Memorial Obituarese is also rich in words and expressions of Taoism and Buddhism, especially, Buddhism. Words and expressions of Buddhism appear in various forms, while the different forms were mixed. Words and expressions of Taoism are generally terms and not of large account.The forth is literature study of Dunhuang Memorial Obitiuarese. By analyzing the textual structure, the paper points out that the Dunhuang Memorial Obitiuarese has two types, one is Jiwen, and another is Linkuangwen, Wangwen, Xingxiangwen and Tuofuwen. The latter type Memorial Obituarese generally has six parts: Haotou, Mingzhai, Tande, Zhaiyi, Daochang, Zhuangyan (haowei) . For convenience, the copyist often omitted some parts of the Obituatese as Haotou, Mingzhai, Daochang and Zhuangyan. Those parts omitted by copyists can be complemented according to the habit of the copyist. Dunhuang Memorial Obituarese also quotes many classics including Buddhism and Confucianism classics. The Confucianism classics were used in three aspects: the sages' sigh for times and life, description of the achievements of the dead and the grief of the person holding the Memorial ceremony. While Buddhism classics were used in more various aspects. Some Dunhuang Memorial Obituarese contain poems which make the Obituarese more moving.The fifth part is the conclusion of this paper. Based on the analyses in the above parts, this paper concludes that, as texts reflecting the life of Dunghuang people, Dunhuang Memorial Obituarese is rich in contents with its own characters:1.Character of folk custom and religion. Before, the formal and official documents are the main sources of learning folk customs. Now, Dunuang Memorial obiruarese let us know folk customs of Dunhuang area in detail. As well, Dunhuang Memorial Obituarese reflects the influence of Buddhism and Taoism and the mutual infiltration of the two religions in Dunhuang area.2.Character of language. There are certain number of new words and expressions in Dunhuang Memorial Obituarese, which is a good reference when revising some related dictionaries. Because of style, Dunhuang Memorial Obituarese has many disyllabic synonyms, especially, words and expressions of Buddhism and Taoism.3. Character of literature. All Dunhuang Memorial Obituarese is for practice of memorial or funeral ceremony; it has the character of practice. Dunhuang Memorial Obituarese, except some special ones, can be used at any other situation only if the appellations were changed, especially those model texts. Therefore, it has the character of adaptability. The two characters are inter-related. Dunhuang Memorial Obituarese also has some other characters, such as it has many quotations of classics, it mainly applies rhythmical prose style marked with many parallelism sentences, etc.Dunhuang Memorial Obituarese is of dual identity; it's a kind of Obituarese on one hand, and a special carrier of reflection of Dunhuang people's life. As the former, it expresses the grief to the death, awe to the gods and ghosts; as the latter, it reveals the life, the folk custom, culture and religion of Dunhuang people at that time. Either being considered as a kind of Obituarese or as the special carrier, Dunhuang Memorial Obituarese is of rich study value, it has too many substances waiting for developing and studing.
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