Old Dynasty And New System, 1901-1911

China's Constitutionalism stemmed from the constitutional political activities at the end of Ch'ing Dynasty one hundred years ago.This dissertation is a study of the constitution at the end of Ch'ing Dynasty. Many persons have made detailed description on the constitutional history at the end of Ch'ing Dynasty. Therefore, it is impossible to reach that aim just by such a dissertation with just more than one hundred thousand words, no matter it is based on my ability or based on the length of this dissertation. Furthermore, repeated work is of no value. This dissertation aims at a deep insight into Chinese constitutional government and the future of Chinese society by way of a description on the selection, development of constitution and the mistreatment and truncation at the end of Ch'ing Dynasty encountered on the basis of the combination of the facts, politics and the history itself. Obviously, such unrealistic mind is something beyond my ability. However, I have always encouraged myself by such way of spiritual victory, or Great hope makes great man, and backed myself up for everlasting perseverance in all the hard time.From modem times, no matter how much the history has made, and no matter how the shadow of feudal imperial monarchy exists in the new style politics, substantial transformation has actually happened in Chinese politics. However, it is impossible that such transformation comes as the result of some event, nor as the achievement of a small group of revolutionary leaders and their followers. I believe that a political system of a long history, mature theory, well-founded organization and favorable land will never go away in a short time, and if it breaks down and will never relive, the reason is only that this system has been empty, while the fallen thing is only an empty shell. Therefore, if an enough insight into the transformation of the new times from the old one is to be made,...