Study On The Special Compound Words In Wang Fanzhi Poetry

Wang Fanzhi was a popular poet lived in the early period of the Tang Dynasty. Wang Fanzhi poetry holds an important position in the history of the traditional culture and ideology, Dunhuangics, and in folklore. Wang Fanzhi poetry chiefly reflects the real life and thinking that the people lived at the bottom rung of the social ladder in the Tang Dynasty, and it faced the common people and made use of the common people's words, and displayed the character of spoken language, so it is the rare language materials of Chinese history investigation.This article takes Wang Fanzhi poetry as a block investigation system, and limitedly selected the nearly-hundred compound words that is formed of the morpheme A, ZI,ER, TOIK JIA. and systematic depicts the process of the emerging, development and evolution of the special lexicon, fastidiously drew the process that new language essential factors took the place of the old, and make efforts to find the emergent innovation of new language essential factors, so this article accumulates a few materials for Chinese history, especially for modern Chinese history. This article belongs to the investigation of the monograph and special subject, and it consists of four parts of the preface, special investigation, appendix, and reference documents.The preface chiefly presents the living period of Wang Fanzhi, and the investigation status quo of Wang Fanzhi poetry, and the value of the poetry's language material, and the objective and value of this investigation, and so on.The special investigation is the main part of this article, and this part consists of seven chapters. Chapter One analyses the characters of compound words, and the investigation scope of this article, including the consistent pattern and investigation value of compound words, and the characters and discriminating criterions of affix, and the introductions of this article, etc.Chapter Two especially analyses the compound words consisting of the morpheme A, amounting to five words, the same as Aye, A'niang, Ashui, Adu, Shan'e. In addition, the investigation of the two compound words Ayi, A'ni was appended to this chapter.Chapter Three especially analyses the compound words consisting of the morpheme Zi, amounting to twenty-five words, the same as Guizi, Niangzi, Qizi, Luzi, Shizi, Tunzi, Aozi, Anzi, Chengzi, Jinzi, Lizi, Shengzi, Wengzi, Yixiangzi, Xiezi Dangzi, Erzi, Nanzi, Nizi, Sunzi, Tianzi, Tongzi, Wangzi, Zhuzi, Zisun, and so on.Chapter Four especially analyses the compound words consisting of the morpheme Er, amounting to eighteen words, the same as Qier, Shenzhuer, Shuer, Chujiaer, Ding'er, Erlang, Ersun, Fuer, Pin'er, Shiguoer, Sun'er, Tiansheer, Tong'er, Tuer, Xiaer, Xiaoer, Yinghaier, Zhangfuer, In addition, this chapter also analyses the compound words of Zhuer, Chujiaren, Haier, Zhangfu, in the suitable context.Chapter Five especially analyses the compound words consisting of the morpheme Tou, amounting to twenty-one words, the same as Gutou, Mantou, Putou, Zuitou, Laotou, Jietou, Xitou, Qiantou, Shangtou, Changtou, Getou, Litou, Qitou, Bitou, Futou, Niutou, Toupi, Antou, Dangtou, Huitou, Koutou, In addition, this chapter also analyses the compound word Baozi in the suitable context.Chapter Six especially analyses the compound words consisting of the morpheme Jia, amounting to twenty-nine words, the same as Tajia, Zijia, Jiakou, Jiamu, Jiaqin, Jiaren, Jiatong, Qinjia, Yuanjia, Yuanjia, Dajia, Dianjia, Fajia, Hejia, Hunjia, Jiachang, Jiafeng, Jiaju, Jiamen, Jiashe, Jiashi, Jiaxiang, Pinjia, Renjia, Sujia, Xiaojia, Chujia, Dangjia, Jiasheng, and so on.Chapter Seven is the Concluding Remarks that chiefly relates the investigation conclusion and achievements of this article, etc.Appendix collects the investigation documents' list on Wang Fanzhi poetry since the beginning of the twenty-century.Reference Documents list the documents that this investigation chiefly referred to.The chief conclusions of this investigation are following:1. There are ninety-eight words consisting of the morpheme A, Zi, Er, Tou, Jia in Wang Fanzhi poetry, and there are thirty-seven additional compound words of them, and the proportion is 38%. This says that additional compound words occupy fair shares in language communication, and it was an important word-building in the Tang Dynasty.2. There are fifty-three newly emerging words and meanings of the ninety-eight compound words, and the proportion is 54%, and they were the newly emerging language elements. There are thirty of these newly emerging words and meanings in Contemporary Chinese Dictionary, and the proportion is 57%.That says that the language changed fast in the Tang Dynasty, and it closely relates Contemporary Chinese.3. There are six not finding in other documents of the ninety-eight words, and that once more says Wang Fanzhi poetry is of important language materials for Chinese history.4. There are sixty-nine emerging before the Tang Dynasty of the ninety-eight words, and the proportion is 68%, and that says the language is slowly changing and of inheriting.The new contributions of this article are chief following: 1. This article tentatively cards the history of the one hundred more compound words, and analyses their structural styles one by one. This investigation accumulates a few materials for the study of Chinese history and word-building.2. This investigation discovers that there are twenty-two words being applied later than Wang Fanzhi poetry (excluding the words that large-scale dictionaries have not included the sense of a dictionary entry); and discovers that there are twenty-seven words being applied later in large-scale dictionaries and many treatises than in Wang Fanzhi poetry, the two kinds add up to forty-nine words (including the senses of a dictionary entry). besides, there are ten words of Wang Fanzhi poetry not including in large-scale dictionaries.3.On my own opinion, this article afresh explains the meanings of twenty-three compound words, and afresh discusses the examples and the meaning of a word by large-scale dictionaries and scholars, and gives the my new explanations.4. This article gives my own new views on some linguistics theories, for example, the differentiating standards and the emerging periods, the historic characters of the affix, and the definition of the affix TOU and JIA, the character of the affix ER, and discusses the composing styles of Shenzhuer, Shiguoeryu, Tumantou, etc.5. This article probes the changes and replaces of new and old language elements, and this article portrays the changes and replaces of the senses of scores polysemies.6. This article probes the emerging innovations of some new language elements.7. This article gives my own new explanations on some knotty words in Wang Fanzhi poety, for example, A'ni, Renxingliao, Chuti, etc, and makes a little contribution to the investigation of historic documents and exegesis, folklore.The investigation main achievements of this article are following:1. On the Chinese history, concrete facts are following:(1)This investigation says the conclusion that Wang Fanzhi poetry preserved lots of new emerging language elements, and bears Wang Fanzhi poetry out the value of language materials once more.(2) This investigation makes new judgment on emerging periods of some words, and shift books testimonies of scores words to an earlier time, makes a lot contribution to the investigating of new language elements on the Chinese history.(3) This investigation outlines historic changing locus of scores words, and afresh cards the ties between senses of scores polysemies, and makes a lot contribution to Chinese semantics investigation and the building of Chinese lexical history.(4) This investigation discovers scores new words and new meanings emerging in the Tang Dynasty, and they have not noticed by scholars, or have not referred in the large-scale dictionaries. This investigation portrays the features of a few words in the Tang Dynasty. This investigation accumulates a few materials for portraying language features in Tang Dynasty.2. This investigation achievements embodies the linguistic theories, some new knowledge is following:(1) The emptinessization of the affix and function words is of difference. Function words act on grammar meaning, show grammar functions; and the affix acts on composing new words, shows the additional coloring meanings.(2) The analogy of the affix is limited, and its history features are obvious; and the analogy of function words is opening, the simultaneous feature is obvious.(3) This investigation discovers new features of the word meaning changing. The affix is originated from the emptinessization of morpheme, but the phenomenon has not noticed up to now: at the beginning, a word did not included affix, and then it was a compound word composed by notional morphemes. but to a new historic period, it changed into a additional compound word. This feature involves people's understanding and employing for the word meaning, and says the complexity of Chinese lexical changing.3. This investigation enriches the contents of expound linguistics. This investigation not only reveals the changing characters of some new and old language elements, but also afresh explains the innovation of the changing of them, and integrates portraying and explanation.4. This investigation afresh does textual research the emerging and changing history of one hundred more words, and expounds the linking between the senses of polysements, so accumulates a few materials for compiling and revising of large-scale dictionaries.5. This investigation achievements are employed as grounds judging the period of the historic documents, and this employing says that linguistics makes a lot contribution to the historic documents subject.