Government's Religious Policy Of The Republic Of Study

The issues of the religion are quite events. Since the religion came into being, it has been playing a continuous and far-reaching part in society, which can't be ignored by any political power. All the parliaments in the world emphasize on the formulation and implement of the religious policy.In our country, there are many religions coexisting. Religion has a longstanding history, and will exist for a long time in our socialism country. So, to handle the religious problem correctly is not only an important task in the course of the socialism's construction, but also an important content in the course of the socialism's construction.Besides, the reality of life raises a lot of religious problems: Why do religions exist till now in our socialism country where the source of social class has mainly disappeared? Why do the number of people who worship religion increase? Whether the religion and the socialism society can coordinate with each other, and how to coordinate? What should the Party, the government and the aspects of society deal with the religion? etc. Focusing on the thinking and research of these problems, we shouldn't isolate the recall and the exploring of the history of Chinese religion's development. Rely on the history, and we can learn the alternative of the society.The period of the Republic of China approaches to the contemporary society in China, religions in that period had many new features, and the government of the Republic of China formed a relatively systematic religious policy. Today, it is useful to research the religious policy during the Republic of China which is directly connected to the contemporary society, to summarize the lost and gain, to deal withthe religious problems in new socialism conditions, to absorb the experiences, to formulate and implement more effective religious policy, to explore the new idea of the harmony of the religion and socialism society.Because religious policy refers to many fields such as the religion, the politics and the people, this article makes a brief introduction of the questions involving the religion, the politics, the religion and the politics, the religion and the people, and so on. Also, this article points out the one-sided opinions of the politics and its functions which seriously affect the right understanding and handling of the relations between the religion and the politics. Politics has two basic functions by its nature: the function of the political management in order to maintain and defend the demands of public profits and the function of the political administration in order to maintain and defend the demands of special profits. However, due to the influence of the views such as the theory of supernatural, profits for a long time, once mentioning the politics, people always think it is the tool that the government uses to defend its ruling or it is the struggle that break out among different social classes. When people explore the politics and its functions, they always only emphasize one side or deal with it obscurely. On this condition, the research in religious policy is often imbalance. To research the religious policy objectively and overall, we must combine the political management and the administration. This article tries to acquire fairly systematic opinions from those two aspects. And this is also an outstanding feature in this article.As I want to supply more systematic data and experiences of the Republic of China's religious policy for people through this article, the span of the research is from 1912(the Republic of China founded) to 1949(the PRC founded). On thecontent, I try to touch upon the religious policy made by both the central government and the local government in the Republic of China period. Owing to the limitation of content and time, I just choose some content which is of great influence and representative.The structure of this article is divided into three parts:Part One (Chap.1). I did some initial explanations and instructions about some basic questions which are mentioned in this research in the main. These questions are :(1) the relevant instruction, mainly referring to the meaning of the theme, the foundation research, the present conditions research, etc. (2) the instruction of the backgrounds of the religious policy in the Republic of China period, chiefly referring to the features of the nation questions and policies in the Republic of China period, and the social, political backgrounds of the religious policy, etc. In the foundation research, I emphasis on knowing the significant meaning of the formulation and implement of the government religious policy in the direction of both the political management and the administration, also, I assume that any government can't only implement the ruling function and cast the management function fully at any period of time. In the instruction of background, firstly, I analyzed the contradictory in the national questions and policy in the Republic of China period, pointed out that the religious policy as a part of national policy must also contain such a contradictory, then revealed the influence of the social reality to religion in the Republic of China period from many aspects, such as the coexistence of traditional and modern life style, the prosperous of anti-tradition, anti-religion and the view of replacement of religion, the active participate in social life of each religion, the outline of the government and the institution of administration, bureaucrat politics, training-politics, etc.Part Two (Chap.2, 3, 4). I introduced and analyzed concretely the religious policy of the Republic of China government (Those religions are the Buddhism, the Taoism, the Islamism, and the Christianity). In the introduction and the analysis of the policy of the four religions mentioned above, I gave corresponding statement about the social problems which directly affect the relevant policy in form of background, so as to find the inner cause of the formulation and implement religions at that time. And on the base of the research mentioned above, I made a summary of the religious policy in the direction of both the political management and administration at the end of each chapter.Part Three (Chap.5). For one thing, I generalized the feature and the experience of the religious policy in the Republic of China period totally, pointed out that under the subjective and objective influence, the religious policy in the Republic of China period has the features of modern democracy and feudal obstacle, and the features of creativity and inheritable, and shows the function of both political management and administration obviously. For another thing, I stated the modern inspiration of this research, pointed out the base of the maintain of the government's long administration is whether it can play its political management function effectively; the formulation of the policy related to religions must ask for advice of people who worship religions; the suppress of the religion and the people who worship religions by violence attempt at solving religious problems all ended in failure; the government must understand and digest the relationship between the religion and the politics; the government should do its best to establish a tolerant and poly-religious society to achieve the aim of "win-win" in the interaction of politics and religion.All in all, by this research, I think, to some degree, the religious policy in theRepublic of China period shows the rule-class's political administration function, but its religious policy also shows the implement of the political management functions, so as to reveal the rule that any government can't only implement the ruling function and cast the management function fully at any period of time.