| One century ago Liang chi-chao initiated revolution in the field of history and paid attention to historical philosophy as well as had a high regard for history education. Undoubtedly, his thought and practice still have important enlightenment to nowaday history education reform in this transitional era.Through consulting history education traditions in the ancient times of China and reviewing he works of Liang Chi-chao himself, newspapers and magazines of the time, the descendants' memoir and research literature, this study deeply analyzes and interprets the social origin, developing process and important influence of Liang's thought of history education, opens out the history education practice of Liang Chi-chao and his response to the problems including the nationality identity, political reference, civilization cultivation, personality education, and rethinks and sums up the significance of Liang Chi-chao' thought of history education in history and modern time practically and realistically from multiple perspectives of sociology, history, pedagogy,hermeneutic etc.. Therefore, this study combs the main aspects of Liang Chi-chao's history education practice, the main characteristics and important impacts of his educational thought to seek the resource, discuss the causes and the effects and evaluate its significance.This dissertation is divided into seven parts:The part of introduction discusses the essential connotation of history education, the current research situation of this topic, my research route and the main problems that need to be solved.Chapter One is named the pith of our nationality's thoughts during the past thousands of years. This chapter reviews the origin and anabranches of history education thought of our ancient history education including epic education, official historian education, Confucian education, classics-history education. Then it is noted that history came into being for education, because history was the principal knowledge and history education was also the most important education in ancient China. History education in ancient time regarded the cultivation of the dominators and subjects in aim, showed the combination between politics and history on content, and emphasized on the syncretion of education and narratives on methods, which represent history's virtue of worrying about the current situation and merit of ruling the state according to history. In this way, history education formed it's own important characteristics and political function in the times of China as the sole nation and China as one of the Asian nations. Since the modern age, great changes have taken place in the field of history education, facing up the challenge of China as one of the nations in the world, the old topic of nation ruling and development has changed to the brand-new problem of fighting for survival which did not exist in the past thousands of years. It is necessarily needed for the transition from classics education to history education that there is kind of promotion power which come into being with the stimulation of current situation as well as the emergence of times heroes.Chapter Two named firstly learning the Tao before learning to be hero discusses the history education which Liang Chi-chao learned in his childhood as well as the situation of learning Tao following Kang You-wei in the period of Wanmu Caotang. Liang Chi-chao born in the period of transitional time received history education in his teenage including national spirit, natural essence of classics and textual research of historiography etc.. With getting to know and affiliating with the friends and teachers such as Kang Youwei, Liang Chi-chao founded deep academic grounding in basic skills, and this not only accumulated the capital for his academic activity afterwards, but also offered him great opportunities to show his own talent among the wind and cloud of the new political situation so as to radiate the connotation of historiography to education and its value to state-ruling again.Chapter Three named calling for civil rights to reform the tradition explained the relationship between the Political Reform of 1898 ('Renewing the Nation') and history education. This part focuses on Liang Chi-chao's activities of running newspapers, giving lectures and so on to carry out history education in the fields of school education, community education etc. before and after Wuxu Reform. The results shows that Liang Chi-chao paid great attention to the educational function of history knowledge from the very beginning. Along with the growth of his evolutionary history conception, Liang Chi-chao began to have the idea of history theory as political theory in attempt to use his knowledge of history which was not ancient either present, not domestic either overseas to achieve the ambition of nation renewal. Through the opportunity of the Reform Liang Chi-chao re-interpreted history and unearthed the implications of history. Furthermore, his journalism and propaganda style continued the tradition of the functions of change and reference of history education as well as opened up a new chapter of the modernization of history education. But, with the failure of the Reform Movement of 1898, his activities of history education suffered a temporary setback.Chapter Four named studying history theory further and introducing the new knowledge illustrates the relationship between Liang's thought of New Human Beings and history education. Liang Chi-chao strived to cast the new brain bare-handedly during his exile in Japan, and he committed to history education activities mainly by propagating and launching newspapers and periodicals. Liang Chi-chao's activities of education for new human beings as well as his slogan of revolution in the field of history during this period made the historical knowledge his weapon of enlightening the people's intelligence and upgrading the people's morality. Moreover, his new historiography promoted the reform of history education in late Qing dynasty thus pushed the history education of modern China to a new height.Chapter Five named writing history to be an all-generation- teacher explains the relationship between Liang Chi-chao's works and giving lectures with history education in his senior age. His returning to academy from politics made Liang Chi-chao's history education activities and thought in his late years appears a new scene. Liang Chi-chao passionately devoted to new history education regarded historiography as his core content of works and lectures again. In that Liang Chi-chao realized the relationship between history education and historical research rationally, he thus put forth effort on historical research methods, China's academic history and Chinese culture history as well as library construction etc. in attempt to spare his life for his dream of general history writing of his early years to realize his ideal of personality education.The part of Conclusion is the summary and distillation of the five aforesaid parts. This part mainly identifies the characteristics of the thought of Liang Chi-chao's history education and discusses Liang Chi-chao's contribution in the course of history education modernization in China by describing the goal, routes, methods and values of Liang Chi-chao's thought of history education from crosswise perspective and comparing with the characteristics of the ancient history education from longitudinal perspective. In a word, Liang Chi-chao was a forerunner, fighter and eudemon for history education in China. He devoted himself to the calling of wakening people firstly and writing finally and deserved the true name of pioneer and guider for China's modern history education . In this new transitional era, Liang Chi-chao's activities and new view of history education are worth of summarizing and reviewing conscientiously. |
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