Russian Culture And Modern The Northeast Literature

This dissertation aims to study the relations between the Modern Northeastern Literature and Russian culture, and to analyze how Russian culture has exerted the influence on the Modern Northeastern Literature and the effect in the development process of the Modern Northeastern Literature.The introduction part introduced the history the cultural background the of the Modern Northeastern Literature's germination and development, analyzed the influence of the original the Shamanism culture factor, the emigration and colonization factor in the northeast region since the modern age and the foreign culture factor to the Modern Northeast Literature, explained the Modern Northeast Literature is the offspring of mainland Shamanism and emigration culture and neighbor culture bumping each other, on the one hand presented mysterious and jumping feature of original Shamanism culture, on the other hand included the content of the immigrate Confucianism culture, besides had the foreign country style of Russian culture. Modern Northeastern Literature becomes an important supplement of the artery literature by its abundance meaning and special folk custom. Furthermore, in the Modern Northeastern Literature, the archaic Shamanism culture had retreated to the deep of people's memory, the immigrate Confucianism culture was short of profound connotation, these make the northeast writers were easy to accept the influence of foreign culture, and the neighbor profound Russian culture offered a studying model for them.Chapter one introduced the influence of Russian culture to the northeast region. At first pointing out the Russian culture is a combination of eastern culture and western culture, on the one hand it has many similar point with the northeast culture, so it is easy to be understood by northeast people; on the other hand it has many different point, it can supply many fresh culture factor to northeast culture and arose the northeast people's studying interest. Secondly, this part discussed the advantage of the culture intercourse between Russia and China in the northeast region, analyzed the spread mode of Russian culture in northeast region. According to the theory of culture transmitting, two culture forms normally are different very much at the center, but illegible at the boundary. Therefore, there is real content to discuss the spread and influence of Russian culture at this region. Since modern age there are three introduction modes of Russian culture: aggression, missionizing, emigration. And emigration is the most important mode. The spread according to emigration of Russian culture at northeast region mainly is a sort of free will culture transition, this is the foundation that Russian culture can spread at northeast region and blend into Northeast culture. The sort of spread made Russian culture melt with Northeast culture which had popular emigration culture characteristic by its commons appetency. Thirdly, from the living method, language, dress, food, the city building, religion and faith...etc. and people the vitally related aspect introduced of the influence condition of Russia culture.Chapter two was detailed to clear up the process of Russian culture affecting Modern Northeast Literature, looked back the related research condition, and clarified the meaning of thorough studying this theory. Russian literature and Soviets political principle rise great function to the germination and development of 20 century Chinese Modern Literature. As one part of Chinese Modern literature, Modern Northeast Literature kept consistent with the modern literature mainstream in the accepting process to Russian Literature, the different was the northeast region under extensive influence of Russian culture because of special geography condition. This made that Modern Northeast Literature had its characteristic in the process of accepting the influence of Russian literature: Russian culture factor (not only Russian literature and Soviets political principle) contained deeply in the development process of Modern Northeast Literature, and took on a clear line.This chapter separated the process of Russian culture affecting Modern Northeast Literature for three phases: the first phase was from 1919 to 1945. In this phase northeast literature studying Russian culture was mainly directed by the aims of enlighten and saving the nation from extinction. Firstly, the Russian tendency of the national new culture and the third international activity in northeast region came to a decision that Modern Northeast Literature in its beginning was under the influence of Russian culture and literature profoundly. Since 1931 northeast was occupied by Japan, the center topic of occupied era northeast literature became exposing the violence of Japanese and emblazing people's striving and exploring the darkness of society bottom. In this case, the Soviets revolutionary literature which went through October revolution and expressed the similar conflict topic turned into the study model of northeast writers. The creations of northeast writers was under the influence of Soviets revolutionary literature deeply in the topic, conceive outline, the character building. In this era northeast writer obtained great achievement in the writing of the hometown, this side of writing extracted nourishment from Gogol, Tolstoy, Turgenev, Chekhov, Gorky etc. Russian and Soviets literature master.The second phase was from 1945 to 1966. In this phase it mainly exhibited on the road of socialism realism that northeast literature was under the influence of Soviets literature. It is settled by the temporal politics condition. Although copying Soviets mode made literature flourish in quantity, it depressed the quality of literature. For the politics condition reasons Chinese Communist speedily pushed "Yan'an literature mode" to northeast after "September Third", it made northeast region entering the era of "Yan'an literature mode" ahead the first time literature deputy conference in 1949. The great power of politics direction made northeast liberated region literature arousing intense echo after northeast writer group in 1930s. Moreover the "Yan'an literature mode" evolved to the writing method of "socialism realism" after the People's Republic of China built, it came down in one continuous line with Soviets "socialism realism" spirit, they were all insisting the position of dialectic materialism, emphasized literature served for the politics. The 17 years northeast literature learned from Soviets literature in addition to socialism realism creation, presented a good development situation at the children literature creation. The third phase the northeast literature since new era. In this era the environment of Chinese literary world changed to loose fitting from excessively oppression, it made the western literature thoughts swarming into China cosmically, various style flows in the literary world expressed all kinds of color, the influence of Russian and Soviets literature took off greatly. Although the northeast literature in this era took many kinds of style and theme, its focus of development was combined the multi-culture of this region to the modern civilization and latest cultural consciousness, and considered deeply people's living condition in this land. Its meaning didn't break away the realism tradition and humanism spirit of Russian and Soviets literature. What's considered was similar to the Soviets literature after the "ice-out" current also. Moreover, what's considered about clime culture of hometown appeared the conscious exhibition of Russian culture factor in hometown culture for without the aims of enlighten and saving the nation from extinction.Chapter three discussed the influence of Russian culture to northeast writer. To take XiaoHong, XiaoJun, DuanmuHongliang, ChiZijian, Acheng etc. five writers who affected greatly in the history of Modern Northeast Literature for example, this chapter discussed the influence of Russian culture to the taste tropism, temperament, art thought, creation topic, character building, manner etc. of northeast writer, pointed out that the creation topic and delineating to entironment of XiaoHong was influenced by Chekhov, Turgenev etc. Russian literature master; XiaoJun and his writing emerged a kind of personal qualities of stubborn and brave and calm and steady determination like Levfes in ; "DingNing" character building in the river novel of DuanmuHongliang was influenced by the "Routes" image of Tolstoy's ; ChiZijian's novel creation expressed the topic of natural life consciousness agree with the natural topic in Russian literature, put humanism spirit into nature; Acheng's works expressed full-bodied flavor of Russian culture.Chapter four concluded and discussed the Russian character in Modern Northeast literature. An obvious marking of Russian culture affecting Modern Northeast literature was that the works of northeast writers expressed veritably many Russian characters which came forth abroad in northeast region, and emerged the personality of Russian and the cultural content among them. Northeast literature was the No.1 in the history of Modern Chinese Literature at describing the Russian character. By analyzing the style, characteristic and cultural content of the Russian character, we can see that the Russian character in Modern Northeast Literature reflected the cultural condition of northeast region where there were many wars, multicultural miscellaneous, the tradition of Confucianism weak since modern age. The reason of northeast writers building the foreign characters was not expressing the foreign culture, but representing the society condition of hometown. The history cultural condition of the northeast region since modern age can be expressed a little by these Russian characters.The epilogue pointed out that studying Russian culture didn't touch the nationality and independency of Modern Northeast Literature. As a kind of foreign influence Russian culture offered a model to study and added fresh blood of foreign culture for Modern Northeast Literature, it bought important driving effect in the germination and development process of Modern Northeast Literature.