Study On Vocabulary Of Xianning Dialect Hubei Province

This article takes the vocabulary of Xianning dialect of Hubei Province as research object. In the on-the-spot investigation foundation, we compile the glossary of Xianning dialect, and make contrast research from vertical and horizontal aspects. The horizontal comparison has three parts: 1) contrast study of Xianning dialect's vocabulary and the mandarin's vocabulary. 2) contrast study of Xianning dialect's vocabulary and the periphery dialects' vocabulary(including Daye dialect, Yangxin dialect, Tongshan dialect, Chongyang dialect, Tongcheng dialect, Jiayu dialect, Chibi dialect and Wuhan dialect). 3) contrast study of Xianning dialect's vocabulary and the delegate dialect's vocabulary of the seven big dialect regions(including Peking dialect, Changsha dialect, Nanchang dialect, Meixian dialect, Guangzhou dialect, Fuzhou dialect and Suzhou dialect). The vertical comparison includes contrast studies between Xianning dialect's vocabulary and the following books' vocabulary: "Poetry", "Confucian analects", "Chu elegies", "Shuowen Jiezi", "Dialect", "Broad Rhyme", "Collection Rhyme" and other ancient times literatures, and textually researches the original form of a character of Xianning dialect's spoken language words. Through the contrast research, we extract the characteristic words and expressions of Xianning dialect and carries on the full description, analysis and explanation to them. Thus unveil the characteristic and the individuality of Xianning dialect's vocabulary. Finally we reach a gradual conclusion about Xianning dialect's adscription by unifying the two standards of the pronunciation and the vocabulary.The significance of this study is: By examining the vocabulary of Xianning dialect, we can entirely (including speech, vocabulary and grammar) and home understand Xianning dialect, and unveil the individuality of Xianning dialect and its close and distant relationships with Chinese dialects. At the same time, it provides the evidences for solving the adscription of Xianning dialect.This article divides into eight parts:Part I : The first chapter: IntroductionSection I : General situation of Xianning city: We introduce the basic situation of Xianning city from the following aspects: location, administrative region, population and nation, landform, traffic, culture and history evolution.Section II: General situation of Xianning dialect: We define the research object(Xianning dialect), and give brief introduction to its speech, vocabulary and grammar. Comprehensively introduce the present situation and insufficiency of Xianning dialect's research since about half century.Section III : The history and present situation of Chinese dialect's research: Simply introduce the history of Chinese dialect's research since Yangxiong's "Dialect", and inspect the present situation of Chinese dialect's research and its insufficiency. We should strengthen the contrast research of Chinese dialect's vocabulary under the theory instruction.Section IV: The research of this article: Explain the research scope, the research theory basis and the method, the research goal and the significance, the paper structure of this article, and finally comes the connected showing.Part II: The second chapter: Glossary of Xianning dialectThe glossary of Xianning dialect has been divided into twenty six categories according to the significance or the function of the words, and it has systematically recorded the commonly used words of Xianning dialect. The glossary of Xianning dialect is the basis and the earlier stage work of this research, and the conclusion of this paper directly comes from the contrast research on the data of this glossary.Part III : The third chapter: Horizontal comparison of Xianning dialect's vocabularySection I : Comparison with mandarin vocabulary. We have carried out systematic contrast research on the vocabulary of Xianning dialect and mandarin from the speech, meanings, morphology and functions of the words.Section II: Comparison with the vocabularies of the periphery dialects. We have carried out contrast research on the vocabulary of Xianning dialect and the periphery dialects(including Daye dialect, Yangxin dialect, Tongshan dialect, Chongyang dialect, Tongcheng dialect, Jiayu dialect, Chibi dialect and Wuhan dialect) in the form of list. To a certain extent, the comparison has unveiled the characteristic and individuality of Xianning dialect, and has clearly shown the close and distant relationship between Xianning dialect and the periphery dialects.Section III: Comparison with the delegate dialects vocabularies of the seven big dialect regions. We have carried out contrast research on the vocabulary of Xianning dialect and the delegate dialect in the form of list, which include the Peking dialect(Northem Dialect), Changsha dialect(Hunan Dialect), Nanchang dialect(Jiangxi Dialect), Meixian dialect(Hakka), Guangzhou dialect(Yue Dialect), Fuzhou dialect(Fujian Dialect) and Suzhou dialect(Wu Dialect). To a certain extent, the comparison has unveiled the characteristic and individuality of Xianning dialect, and has clearly shown the close and distant relationship between Xianning dialect and the delegate dialect of the seven big dialect regions. In the mean time, it has provided the evidence of vocabulary for Xianning dialect's adscription.Part IV : The fourth chapter: Vertical comparison of Xianning dialect's vocabularySection I : The inheriting and developing of Xianning dialect's vocabulary to ancient Chinese vocabulary. We apply sufficient dialect fact to explain that Xianning dialect and ancient Chinese come down in one continuous line: Xianning dialect's vocabulary evidently has more monosyllable words and keeps more ancient words than mandarin and some other dialects. Xianning dialect has evolved to some extent according its need.Section II: Exploring the original form of a character of Xianning dialect's spoken language words and tracing to the source of them. We trace to the source of Xianning dialect's spoken language words and try our best to verify the original form of a character of them by using the following literatures: "Poetry", "Confucian analects", "Chu elegies", "Shuowen Jiezi", "Dialect", "Broad Rhyme", "Collection Rhyme" and other ancient times literatures.Part V: The fifth chapter: The characteristic words and expressions of Xianning dialect.Section I : The "Chinese dialects characteristic words" theory. We introduce the "Chinese dialects characteristic word" theory systematically, and make necessary supplements.Section II: the characteristic words and expressions of Xianning dialect. On the basis of integrating the two contrast lists(including the contrast list of vocabulary between Xianning dialect and the periphery dialects and the contrast list of vocabulary between Xianning dialect and the delegate dialect of the seven big dialect regions), we screen out Xianning dialect's characteristic words and expressions, and make full description, analysis and explanation to them.Part VI : The sixth chapter: The adscription of Xianning dialectSection I : The adscription of Xianning dialect under the single standard. Briefly introduce the views and basis of Xianning dialect's adscription that the contemporaries and the virtue people of the older generations have. The most representative viewpoint thinks that the Xianning dialect belongs to Jiangxi language, also other scholar have new view of Xianning dialect's adscription, and are doubted that Xianning dialect belongs to Jiangxi language.Section II: The adscription of Xianning dialect under the double standards. Combining the two standards of speech and vocabulary, we made a gradual conclusion about Xianning dialect's adscription. This article believes that, in the present case, regarding Xianning dialect as the intermediate belt dialect is quite reasonable.Part VII : AppendicesAppendix I : The speech system of Xianning dialectAppendix II: The syntax characteristics of Xianning dialectAppendix III : Records of the sound of Xianning dialect's corpusPart VIII : Reference...