The Study On Disyllable Words In The Buddhist Masses' Discipline

The Buddhist Masses' Discipline(《摩訶僧祇律》) is a kind of religious discipline that has been propagated by the masses who believe in Buddhism.It was translated into Chinese by Fa Xian and Buddhabhadra in East Jin dynasty.There are beyond 54 million Chinese characters in the Buddhist Masses' Discipline.This dissertation made a more thorough and systematic study on its disyllable words for the first time.There are five chapters in this dissertation.The first chapter introduced the condition of the translator and description of the Buddhist Masses 'Discipline,its main content included.Then it summarized the research that had been made correlated with the Buddhist Masses'Discipline and the criteria of the word and disyllable word in order to prepare for the word's definition.In the second chapter,more than 8200 disyllable words were divided into three kinds,such as borrowed foreign words,words just for names and descriptions and ordinary words.According to the object of the dissertation,combining with the words' character such as the single meaning of most of the first two kinds of words and the frequently used ordinary words,this chapter determined the research subject for the last three chapters.Furthermore,we analyzed the value of the research on the disyllable words in the Buddhist Masses 'Discipline with examples,based on the history of the Chinese and the compilation of the large-scale dictionaries.Chapter three counted up the disyllable words according to the traditional word construction thoroughly and listed the statistics in the form lest the similarity in the method approach with previous disyllable words research.Moreover,we described the characters of each kind of words from the view of the amount of the syllables,compounding and semantic relations of the morphemes that formed the word and parts of speech,and the motivation of their formation and development besides.The fourth chapter analyzed the disyllable words in the Buddhist Masses' Discipline with examples from the view of the year when the words appeared dividing them into two parts such as succeeding words and new words.Furthermore, it summarized the characters and motivations of the succeeding words,besides that the way and the mechanism that the new words and meanings appear were discussed.The internal mechanism that the words' system remaining stable was found out based on the above analysis.Chapter five made an effort on the integration between the ancient Chinese and modern Chinese.It analyzed the disyllable words in the Buddhist Masses' Discipline with examples from the view of the year when the words disappeared dividing them into two parts such as disappeared words and remaining words referring to the modern Chinese words.Through the analysis,it not only found out seven main cases that the words disappeared,but also summed up ten motivations which kept words remaining.The comparison between them shows that the cases that the morphemes which formed the word used in the language have relations with the disappearance or development of the words.It confirmed that the disappearance or remaining of the words relied on its meaning and the pragmatic aspect.The concluding remarks not only concluded the achievements that the dissertation made but also listed out the puzzle and deficiency in the way of making the dissertation in order to be rectified by the linguistic expert.In short,we chose a traditional topic,but we did our best to make some creation in the research angles and methods.The dissertation made great effort to seek the year when the common used words appeared and the characters that the words developed for few difficulty words and plenty of common used words in the Buddhist Masses 'Discipline.We hope to experience and observe the regularity that plenty of common used words manifest deeply.