Yuanjia Study

The fundamental foothold of literature study is the writer and work, so the classic author and work have composed the backbone and main current of history of literature. Three distinguished writers in Yuanjia Period as the representative of a history period have got very high accomplishment, and produced enormous and far-reaching effect whether they live or die, so the research on them have important significance. The thesis is not greedy for perfection and completion, but only for some discoveries, and solving problem preferentially. Therefore, there is a centre in every chapter and section of the thesis, and take it as a point of penetration spread out to discuss. The thesis analyses various data to differentiate its similarities and differences for genuine knowledge. As a whole goes ahead, the thesis can be divided into three parts: the foreword, text, epilogue . The foreword contain two sections, text contains sixteen sections in five chapters, epilogue study the order of three distinguished writers in Yuanjia Period in different history period, and full text is close to 200,000 characters.The foreword preferentially sum up the research general situation of three distinguished writers in Yuanjia Period in 20th century, though this section only comment the research other people's result, it is the starting point and frame of reference of the thesis. Moreover, some sections of the foreword have formed background compared to text, so these sections are also indispensable parts of the thesis. Another part of the foreword have introduced briefly priorities studied and method, so it have effect of digest.Their common character of poem is discussed in the first and second chapter, and the difference is discussed in third and fourth chapter, as regard fu, this thesis discuss representative fu by using the experience of one point to lead the whole area. The epilogue study the order of three distinguished writers in Yuanjia Period in different history period, at the same time, their literature accomplishment have been summed up and fixed literature position.The common characteristic of work of three distinguished writers in Yuanjia Period is showed three aspects bellow. First, their works are affected by factors of age, such as the scene of prosperous age, the vigorous spirit of age, various culture policy of that time, society trend of thought, the changes of the relations of the noble and the humble, and so on, all these factors can be find corresponding trails in their work. Secondly, The common characteristic of their poem is generally called Yuanjiati, and its characteristics are dense and exquisite, precipitous and novel, and using the method of fu to write poem. The third, their work have changed the poem style when Jin Dynasty replaced by Song Dynasty, the subject of their poem is changed from xuanyan to shanshui and gongtishi appears. The emotion content Also have changed from temperament disappeared to look after magnificent language gradually, namely, no more pay attention to human relations and politics, and the social reality fall off, but to look after the adorned language. Language expression is starting to hunt beautiful line, making a new word by self, adorning tonality, being elaborate about antithesis and so on. The fourth, their work have important significance in entire history of poetry, such as Yuanjiati is very forceful as a big stone protruding, so it very different from other poem styles. But they learn a lot from the poets of Man an Period and Taikang Period, and so hard that reviving ancient poem but dieing out ancient method of poem. The sanguanshuo proposed by Shen Cengzhi draw the outline of poem developing clue composed of Yuanhe, Yuanyou, Yuanjia, and form two history traditions of Chinese poem with the poem tendency that is graceful and implicit taking up the leading position.The poem differences of three distinguished writers in Yuanjia Period are showed in three aspects bellow. First, their poem styles are very different, such as Xie Lingyun's poem style is natural and exquisite, the natural style embodies natural language, vivid depiction of external form and inherent romantic charm of nature, and the sufficient expression of emotion. The exquisite style is that Xie Lingyun's poem is gorgeous but delicate, magnificent but pure, showed very bright and clean. Yan Yanzhi's poem style is ornate and concise, the ornate style take adorned as good, running after magnificent language, excessively using literary quotation, and so on. The concise style is to say that the emotion of Yan Yanzhi's poem is cordial and the language of Yan Yanzhi's poem is simple and accurate. The poem style of Bao Zhao is vulgar and indulge, the peculiarly wording and phrasing, the unrestrained expression of emotion, and lascivious Yanshi have composed of the vulgar style. The indulge style contain mainly the bold and generous Yuefushi that composed mainly of qiyan sentence, concretely, it is to say that Yuefushi of Bao Zhao have strong emotion momentum and unobstructed language.Secondly, the shanshuishi of Xie Lingyun and Bao Zhao are very different, Xie Lingyun often eliminate his dejected emotion by using xuanli. But Bao Zhao often express his emotion by depicting scenery. Xie Lingyun mainly depict strange and beautiful scenery of east of Zhejiang province, but Bao Zhao mainly depict the forceful scenery along the bank of the Yangtse River, moreover, this region difference affect the Aesthetic feeling of their poem.The third, the difference of yuefushi of Xie Lingyun and Bao Zhao is very obvious, Xie Lingyun's yuefushi is tactful and deep , mainly inherit expression tradition of Han and Wei dynasties. But the momentum of Bao Zhao's yuefushi is plentiful, and the emotion is very strong. Bao Zhao's yuefushi embody a big change compared to the ancient poem of Han and Wei dynasties because of using two expression methods of running and diverging.As regard as fu that belong to rhythmical language literature, the thesis discuss emphatically their representative fu. The writer think that the subjective intention of Xie Lingyun's zhuanzhengfu is to express his inactive mood of politic setback by recalling old glory of his family. Shanjufu is peculiar because have feeling rhyme of expression fu and elaborating and listing of Han da fu, moreover, it increase annotation by himself. Its literature accomplishment lies in some scenery depicting are very beautiful in its annotation and text, having the charm of his shanshuishi. The purpose of Bao Zhao's wuchengfu is to express his accumulated dejected emotion by visiting to a historic site and grieve his life experience, not to satirize politics and sighs for prosperity and declining simply. The reason of Appearing eulogy and expostulation in Yan Yanzhi's zhebaimafu is related to the eulogy and expostulation tradition of Hanfu, also related to elegant intention of Yan Yanzhi and the tradition of subject chanting horse.The epilogue discuss the estimation differences of literature accomplishment of three distinguished writers in Yuanjia Period in different history period and order changes aroused by the estimation differences. So it is helpful to assure their works all-round and accurately, it is also helpful to inspect the changes of literature concept in different period.