Research On The Living Conditions Of The Women In Han Dynasty

Women always were an important group in the living in any Dynasty, who show a series of noteworthy characteristics studied by so many scholars. In Han Dynasty Women'living had a special characteristic. This thesis is divided into six major parts to systematically analyses the women'living conditions in Han Dynasty.Chapter One is"The impact and model to women'living conditions from the authoritative sources in Han Dynasty. It summarizes that the women'figures supposed by the authoritative sources of Han Dynasty depending on scholar's speeches and official's teachings which was a kind of binds to women'concepts and actions in certain degrees, impact and model to women'living conditions. The official in Han Dynasty commended that women who obeyed to parents, and being loyal to her husband and sacrificed herself for her children. As an honor commended because the above factors by official to women in Han Dynasty. The same times, the change and develops of Confucianism in Han Dynasty also had an active impact to women. Prefer to Confucianism made women approved the value encouraged by official.Chapter Two deals with"Women'living conditions in the perspective of the law in Han Dynasty."The managing and controlling power of the properties need the woman who must have being mother and her husband had died or lost the power, the relationships and the effects of the property power of the woman in Han Dynasty and the change of the status and the character in a family were interdependent. In the same social stratum, the law in Han Dynasty ignored the rights and interests for the whole female. In the different social stratum, the law protected the some part women body rights and interest. In Han Dynasty,the crime of adultery was sentenced according to whether the accused were relatives or not and the punishment to them were different accordingly. The sentence of this crime generally obeyed the following principles: first, the accused woman should have been married; second, if the adultery happened between the officials and the civil people, it should be punished equal to the crime of rape. Considered from the aspect of the relative regulations of this crime, the purposes of this law were to defend the family order from the following three aspects which were the relationships of married between the clan, defending the rights of the head of the clan and ensuring the property inherited by the true son, the same time defend the rank and status.Chapter Three discusses"Women'living conditions in the perspective of different family in Han Dynasty. This chapter mainly explores women's living conditions that which came from different social stratum, especially bottom women and the women coming from official family. In the bottom family, women's work was very important from economical activity perspective. The functions of the woman'economy earnings in the earnings of the family in Han Dynasty as follows: dowry,the property inherit from the woman'family and all kinds of work by woman. In some special family the woman become the mainstay in the earnings of the family. In official family, women'living conditions were effected by official systems. This chapter mainly explores different culture surroundings in different family forms some living conditions traits.Chapter Four is"Women'living conditions in the perspective of bear and foster problems in Han Dynasty".The official always encouraged giving birth to children every family by all kinds preferential policies, including orders coming from emperor and official policies in all areas. Government promoted early get married and early give birth to children to increasing population quantity, and help those poor people and children without family, by law controlling population quantity. This policies can protect women who had pregnant in certain .The same time, the ideas and knows of bear or pregnant effects women living conditions, especially the birth abilities can effect women'marriages, but women controlled by those ideas. In fact, the children also can be killed or abandoned, it effect women'strong of body and psychology.Chapter Five deals with"maidservants'living conditions in Han Dynasty". This chapter firstly draws the outline of maidservant actual living conditions in the respect of national law and family rules. Investigates maidservants'actual life that under the umbrella term of laborer, the maidservants'roles can be further divided. Meanwhile, maidservants'practical living conditions varied according to the different roles they played in their masters'family. By investigating that maidservants existed widely in various social strata and the major means that women degenerated into maidservants, this chapter outlines the tendency of maidservants'increase in number. Entertainment women and maidservants had become a common social custom due to the decline of state control over in through Han Dynasties. It is mainly reflected from the increasing number and widespread existence of the amusement women. By examining this phenomenon from the sociology and female history point of view, to summarize the likely reasons for this trends, such a phenomenon has its roots in the pursuit of luxury life style, and broker groups or individuals dealing with the trading of amusement women and pursuit of money by women.To sum up, patriarch system, family ethics and social hierarchy as a basis view in Han Dynasty, women whether came from different hierarchy or in the same hierarchy who had a different living conditions.