Chongqing In Novels

The dissertation with the title of Chongqing in Novels,is trying to illustrate the image of Chongqing by writing on the basis of literature of the Kuomintang-controlled Chongqing and focusing on the novels describing Chongqing life as the subjects of study.By introducing writers' life experiences and literary works based on Chongqing,the dissertation analyzes the urban issues those writers concerned,studies the image of "literary Chongqing" formed in their novels and its symbolic meaning,explores the writers emotion and attitude to the realistic city and their values in judging the city,and studies the distinctive aesthetic features of the narrations in the novels created in KMT-controlled Chongqing.The dissertation provides a new perspective for studies on novels created in KMT-controlled areas.The dissertation consists of seven parts:introduction,chapter one to five and the conclusion.In introduction,the meaning of the choice of subject,the current situation of the relative researches and the methodology of the research have been illustrated in detail.Compared with the images and pictures of cities in local chronicles,political and economic documents and tour guides, the images of city life in literary works are very interesting.By carefully examining and digesting the literary works that reflected Chongqing,we can find out that Chongqing has been voluminously described in literary works created in KMT-controlled areas during the Anti-Japanese War.At that time,no city in China had experienced an extreme prosperity that Chongqing had experienced. Chongqing became a city floating on paper,politics and rumors.No matter people like or dislike Chongqing,many writers describe,narrate and even create Chongqing's image.Compared with the prosperity of literary creation in Chongqing,the research on literary image of Chongqing seems not adequate enough and the literary image of Chongqing needs a systematic and innovative research. Therefore,the purpose of the dissertation is studying the literary image of Chongqing by image analyzing.Also,the dissertation not only focuses on the research of traditional literary subject like "How is literary Chongqing",but also turns to the focus of revealing research such as "How is Chongqing narrated" and "How is the literary Chongqing constructed".Chapter One,Chongqing and Literature,mainly analyzes the subjective and objective situations that formed the image of literary Chongqing.From an objective perspective,the development and the prosperity of Chongqing during the Anti-Japanese War greatly influence the development of Chongqing literature—famous writers came to Chongqing and started to describe Chongqing.The existence of these literature elites and their literature activities turned Chongqing a city of arts and gave the city some kind of humanity.A city is just like a plain text,of course a writer needs to read the city first,and describes the city next.The metropolis space of Chongqing,the localization and mix-up of literary texts,the sophisticated confrontation affected the writers' aesthetic understanding on the city,these qualities provided writers a unique sight and understanding.And these decided the contents of their works and affected their ways of writing.From the subjective perspective,the differences of writers' outlook,culture,way of thinking,knowledge,life experience and characteristic affected the extension of writers' understanding and their interests in Chongqing.Therefore,when we research the activities of a group of writers in a certain area,what we witnessed is not only the general concerns of these writers on a certain area stage,but also the different experiences of these writers.Chapter Two,the Chongqing Image of Famous Writers:Wandering between Politics and Literature,selects literary works of Mao Dun,Ba Jin and Lao She,the three famous writers in Chinese modern literature history,and studies the Chongqing image created by them.Mao Dun's description on Chongqing has a strong political concern.He always wrote Chongqing as an opposite image of Yan'an.Ba Jin,who particularly concerned the life of individuals,has experienced the corruption of Chongqing society,the decadence of his family and the death of his friends,he swore to "uphold justice for the little" and displayed the real life of families in Chongqing.Lao She,who adores and misses Beijing and treats Beijing his origin of life and the source of his writing,always kept writing about Beijing,Chongqing was just a subordinate role in his writing.Chapter Three,The Chongqing Image of Popular Writers:Wandering between Recreation and Responsibility,analyzes the Chongqing image in the works of Zhang Henshui.Zhang Henshui's spiritual world has changed a lot with new regional and survival experience in Chongqing.He abandoned his early writing idea of "fantasy of life" and began to narrate "the real life".He observed Chongqing with his sharp eyes of journalist.With his observation on local society and common life in Chongqing,he described the real unique metropolis's feelings of Chongqing in 1930s to 1940s by vivid narration in his novels.In his works,Chongqing is not only an irrational symbol of desires,but also a symbolic image of cultural taste.Chapter Four,The Chongqing Image of Alternative Writers:Wandering between Romance and Reality,mainly studies the works of Duanmu Hongliang and Xu Yu,who insisted their own writing style and cannot be divided into any existing literary school.These two writers are full of romantic quality.In their works,Chongqing is just like a cloud floating on war,politics and history,and it often makes people feel untrue.Their arts are vivid and rich of romantic tastes.However,the implication of their writings is profound,it reflects their deep understanding on real life.By using their unique writing style,they created literature between ideal and reality.When describing reality,they showed some complicated meanings,when demonstrating ideal,they reflected some humanity in their works. Chapter Five,The Chongqing Image of Young Writers:Wandering between Passion and Reason, mainly focuses on the literary works of new generation of writers who came from common people and were greatly influenced by Anti-Japanese War.This group of young people is full of energy and quite sensitive to the surrounding society and times.They persistently thinking and pursuing the right. The life in Chongqing gave them a complex feeling between hope and desperation.Therefore,they were aggravated an individual criticism in novel writing,Lu Ling is one outstanding representative of them.Meanwhile,they focused on children in Chongqing spontaneously,this is not only because of the children are a scene of city,but also for the metaphor description for the Age with the image of children.The conclusion,Significance and defect,sums up the gain and loss of Chongqing image created by all these writers.During the Anti-Japanese War,Chongqing was not mythologized by these writers just like Beijing and Shanghai.Chongqing was more like a reality in literature.It's the symbol of hope, disappointment,happiness,misery,richness,poverty,fear and comfort.These writers narrated the story of Chongqing in their own ways and reflected the history and reality of Chongqing with different language.They have left numerous texts of novel and have formed a variegated situation and sophisticated Chongqing images.This brings the image of Chongqing into the aesthetic appreciation of Chinese modern novels and promotes the development of Chinese modern novels.However,for the limitation of Chongqing and the limitation of Writers,some defects still exist in the description and the narration of Chongqing.When we compared the image of Chongqing in the system of Chinese modern literature,we can find out that it's still far from the peak in its reach.