Unfinished Subjectivity

A thought of literary theory towards subjectivtiy is literary subjectivity.As the continuance of the "theory of human science" at the beginning of New Period,the theory of Chinese literary subjectivity has undergone the hard proof of time and history,between Enlightenment and modernity,mainland and the west.If divided by the changing of time,the procedure of the new literary subjectivity theory research can be done as follows:the period of Liu Zaifu,the modernity period and critizing modernity period;while if we do according to the key words,it has become a very complex and deep theory interrelated by literature self-discipline,aesthetics,modernity,critizing modernity,inter-subjectivity, culture studies,language and reception aesthetics.The innovation of this thesis lies in the study of the theory of Chinese literary subjectivity with a global vision in search of the differences and relationship between the mainland and the western theories,not just interpreting the general idea about the literary subjectivity theory in New Period,nor the western literary subjectivity theory.This essay does not just stay at the level of general description or introduction about the theory,but in a very deep level of the evolution of the theory,historically and globally——according to different structure of subject,reasons for way of interpretation.Several theorical problems have been concerned and solved well by this way of interpretation,and other problems that have not been solved and have gradually become false propositions in history.The studies of Chinese literary subjectivity prsents progressive relationships from single to multiple,from simple to deep in macroscopic views.In this essay,I chose representive views one by one in order to find different relationships such as inheiting,reversing,connecting,and these different relationships exist on logic starting point,discussing ways,theoretical elements,contributions and defects.The writing methods of this essay are resreaching the whole perspective of literary subjectivity theories by views.The whole essay is divided into four main chapters,we can see them concrete as follows:Chapter one,the self-discipline and the literary subjectivity.The literary subjectivity in New Period was first introduced by Liu Zaifu,under the background of Li Zehou's philosophical support from Kant,pre-enlightment's needs of writing,and,most of all,the asking for literary self-discipline and aesthetic character.Literary self-discipline shows wishes get rid of Mechanical Materialism and political determinism which are heteronomous.New period literatue want to show the characteristics which outstanding demand for aesthetic.Literature is aesthetic ideology,from aesthetic to reflect social lifes.Literary self-discipline and aesthetic character are established on literary subjectivity's implementations.Self-discipline is basic pionts of literary subjectivity theory,and literary subjectivity theory is the way of realizing for Self-discipline.The theory of literary subjectivity is the extention of the two propositions that literature about human science and humanitarianism is an everlasting literature topic.It includes the author,the object,and the acceptance subject.We focus author on subjective creative psychology such as emotion and imagination playing important dynamic roles in literary creation,while the object,and the acceptance subject implies thinking mode of inter-subjectivty which may echo each other with dialogue theory of Bakhtin.This theory what characteristic is simple and convergence was composed of Pre-modern theoritical views,it only has the practical meaning of enlightment.However,this theory has niether learned from contemporary western theories nor got the relationship through Chinese traditonal literary theories,therefore this theory showed Synchronic and Diachronic double fractures.Chapter two,modernity and literary subjectivity.Literary self-discipline sets centralized embodies in modern history,at the same time,literary subjectivity theory has open theoritical pespectives and deepening theoritical connotations,however,this theory shows discretization intendency.The studies of western modern process have two key words:rationality and modernity. Modernity is double-edged swprd which is not only stinking but also shadowing subjectivity. Post-modernity thought as reflecting modernity has devoted to digest modern subjectivity through these kinds of views that subjectivity is generated instead of transcendental.In summary,modernity which related modern progress made the studies of Chinese literary subjectivity from binary opposition of subject/object to onology of internalsubjective studies. Chinese modern subjectivity is rational,independent,infinite.Modernism and vanguard faction which related aesthetic modernity have become practical attempts of literary creation in New Period,literary creations in this period have shown transforms from extreme individual subject to non-subject,anti-subjecy writing on aesthetic trendency.The studies in modernity and literary subjectivity are mainly influenced by western thoery,the syetemic and depth in thinking of theroies are greatly inhanced as well as the practivity are relative weaken.Many new thoeries and terms appeared in the period when the controversy between modern and post-modern subject happens,the studies of literal subjectivity show features of discretization.Modernity is gradually becoming criticizing modernity,and it has divergence of three paths which are deconstruction,inter-subjectivity and cultrual studies.Deconstruction is representive by post-modernity,according to these theories, the discusses of "subjectivty's digestion" have existed resonance and misunderstanding,while language has become most important dimensions in subjectivity studies.Chapter three,inter-subjectivity and literary subjectivity.Inter-subjectivity is one of the method of criticizing modernity which uses dialogues and contacts to commicate subjects.Inter-subjectivity theories refute ideas of metaphysical modern subject.Western inter- subjectivity can be divided into two stages:philosophy,sociology and literature,aesthetics.Chosen from the inflenuence of Chinese literary theory field,philosophy and sociology stage can be represented by Heidegger's "Dasein and commom Dasein" theory as well as Habermas's theory of communicative action,while literature and aesthetics stage are most related Bakhtin's dialogue theory and Gadamer's textual interpretation theory.Chinese subjectivity theories are very characteristic which concrete manifest as follows.First, Inter-subjectivity theories commicate Chinese and western theory as well as looking for factors of inter-subjectivity in Chinese traditional aesthetics,harmonious thinking method related heaven and human beings has shown vitality again.Second,These theories commicate theories and literal critic practices by reception aesthetics and inter-textuality thoeries,and inter-textuality thoeries become most important terms recently in sudies of literary criticism.Third,practical and post-practical aesthetics theories debate on inter-subjectivity,this debate is not only deepen aesthetic theory and definition of terms related subjectivity and inter- subjectivity,but aslo focus subjuectivity in academic cricles again.Inter- subjectivity express appeals that Chinese literary subjuectivty theories will return to native and pratical theory,homever,we must keep vigilance against thetredency of Universalsubject, and we must pay much attention to inter characteristic of language.Chapter four,the diversified research about literary subjectivity.I think a new subjectivity research method was generated along with the globalization context.In the respect of value evaluation, through the stage analysis and survey on research about literary subjectivity,we can affirm this research method is of great importance to the literature theoretic criticism in New Period,and besides, the research has made great achievements;In the respect of issue survey,if we regard the research about literary subjectivity as the incisive point of study on the relationship between Chinese and western literary theory,we can aware of the domestic development of literary theory under the western hegemony of literary theory.In my paper,together with the present globalization context and cultural studies,i offered three possible developing trends of research about literary subjectivity under the guide of prominent problem consciousness:first,the focus of the research about subjectivity shift from the subject itself to the existing state of the subject,the state that the subject exists under the limits of many respects like society,history,culture and discouse.The composition of subjectivity is unknown,metaphysical,suspense,however,the existing states of subjectivity is known,concrete.Second, subject can't be digest in literary studies because theoties discourses need fulcrum and frames.the research should view the subject as something textual and functional,the subject convert from entity to function,which is a demonstration of the text;Third,in the perspective of cultural study,identity which provide weapons for marginal groups,such as classes,races and femal is a new characterization of subjectivity,and then identity have become new critic terms.Identity has digtinguished the relationship between subjuect and the other.Now identity is suitable for globalize context,because subject is unary,while identity is multiple;subject is certain,while identity is changeable.The changes from subject to identity is not only reflecting defects in subjectivity syudies before,but also providing referenced new paths.Besides,body which related subject's suitation is an experienced and fashion subject in media culture.The conclusions of this thesis show as follows:Firstly,the subjectivity study deepens the research on literary theory,Chinese literary theory skips to the vision of modernity form the emphasis on writers and works of the enlightenment Romantic era in the seventeenth,eighteenth century of the West.Through the subjectivity study,the comprehension to text,acceptance,language and discourse of Chinese literary theory have greatly improved,criticism strategies such as mutual culture nature,identity and physical issues become to the eminent studies in literary criticism.Secondly,the subjectivity study deepens the cognition to characteristics of literary activities.Thus literary activities have an interdisciplinary perspective,the rich study results such as philosophy,sociology,psychology and cultural disciplines have been accepted.At the same time,Because of the study constraints by political,economic and cultural problems,it shows the different subjectivity in the different time and the different interpretations to subjectivity impact the literary production and circulation.Thirdly,the intermediary aspects in Chinese literature subjectivity theory have some defects compared with the West theory,Language is used to deconstruct subject by post-modernity,language whose meaning is uncertain has impelled diffenernt meanings for literary text.However,the inter characteristic of language is the connectivity node with the main text with the subject and the subject,the text and the text,the subject and the text.Language is intermediary between subject and text.How to fill these vacancies of intermediaries aspects become the next stage focus of the subjectivity study.All in all,Chinese literature subjectivity research in the new period is the unfinished business and open proposition.Three decades of theoretical research is one of a spray in the long history,Chinese literature subjectivity research have been brewing the new ways of thinking and study system between the theory and practice,the nativeand the West,the enlightenment and the modern.