The Study On Interrogative Sentense Of ShiJi

"ShiJi" is the really work which is a comprehensive reflection of the language EX-Dynasty and is the important language corpus which is to study the late Archaic Chinese language. This paper roundly describes and analyses the system of Questions and its subsystems in "ShiJi", meanwhile, introduces the details of specific interrogation, alternative question, positive and negtive question, yes-no question, rhetorical question and based question. At the same time, it discusses and backs into the provenance of Question; does the longitudinal diachronic comparison and dynamic analysis; explores the long-standing concern academia problems; tries to discuss the diachronic developing and evolutive process which is concern on the important sentence and words of Chinese question system; even use the modern linguistic theory to analyse some situation in Archaic Chinese language.The introduction has given the following information, the existing research of this subject, the meaning of researching this subject, the research method and so on. The first chapter has described the specific interrogation in "ShiJi". No matter the interrogative pronoun or the modal particle, the uses of them in "ShiJi" are in the process of changing from complicated to simple. The reason of object-fronting and the motive of putting the object back are also discussed in this chapter. It is believed that putting the object front is mainly influenced by the original word order of Sino-Tibetan language, while the change of word order is brought about by the generation of new focal points and marks, that is the motive of putting the object back. The second chapter has described the yes-or-no question including guessing question. The sentence structure and the use of modal particle are also analyzed in detail, and the historical development of the yes-or-no question is outlined. The third chapter has analyzed the alternative question in "ShiJi". The relative problem about "yes or no" to which the academic circle has paid great attention for a long time is investigated in this chapter. It is considered that "yes or no" is the collocation of the interrogative pronoun and the prepositional phrase, and the inalienable adherence relation is not formed. Its sentence structure has some similaritieswith the original sentence "......and.....yes or no".The description and analysis of thepositive and negtive question in "ShiJi" are given in the forth chapter. Under the economic principle of language, the form "VP no VP" comes into being because of redundancy is eliminated. It is speculated that the form "VP no VP" is probably yielded in the spoken language of a certain dialect. That form appeared in Qin Dynasty at latest, and then existed in the spoken language all the time until Tang Dynasty it was ranked among the written word because of the promotion of new language phenomenon. It is also found in this chapter that there are more alternative questions than positive and negtive questions in Old Chinese. The proportion of these two questions in Medieval Chinese takes a turn which begins from "ShiJi". The fifth chapter is about the rhetorical questions in "ShiJi". The differences of interrogative sentence and rhetorical questions are compared. The answer statement and the pragmatic function of the rhetorical questions in "ShiJi" are also given a trial analysis in this chapter by using the modern linguistics as a source of reference. The focus of the sixth chapter is the rhetoric question in "ShiJi".Bycomparing it with the rhetoric question in contemporary Chinese language, we find that the sentence framework and the semantic characteristic of the question in contemporary Chinese language have been already formed early in Old Chinese. But the semantic relation between question and answer of the rhetoric question in modern Chinese and the binding relation of structural type of the interrogative sentence have not formed in "ShiJi".