The Study Of The System Of Marx's Theory

The system of Marx's theory is a rich, well-structured scientific system. Researching from the realistic human being, Marx, through revealing the contradictions existed within the realistic human being, discovered that the reality of the inner contradiction is the driving force, which is also the internal driving force to start his theory, for development of human society, thus the solution to solve the realistic human being's inner contradictions of the solution-the liberation of people becomes the logical thread of Marxism system. The whole Marx's theory uses people's liberation as its'main line and spreads itself logically. The realistic human beings, from the lower to higher historic humankind practice, ultimately complete the real and intrinsic unification between people, fulfilling the essential regression of humankind. The whole Marx's theory is a system starting from the realistic human being, ultimately achieving the full development of people through human practice, therefore it performs as a system with the logical stricter of Obverse_Reverse_their Combination. With the main line of the liberation of the people, Marxist Theory has built a large circle of the logic of Negation of Negation which contains a large number of lower level small circles. In the process of building the nature of realistic human being and around the nature of human, Marx broadened his philosophical vision and discovered the historical materialism, and then used it as the basic principles, Marx criticized the capitalist society's negation of human nature thoroughly. This part then developed as Marx's Political Economics. Still, with the historical materialism, Marx also conceived the fundamental principles and development path of human history, as well as the future society, thus building up the scientific socialism theoretical system.Marx found the new world by criticizing the old world. Marx started his research from the contradiction in real life and revealed the trend and conditions of reality development. He found the materialistic interpretation of history and theory of surplus value through the critique of the old philosophy and political economics. In a word, he found the new world by criticizing the old. It is with criticism that Marx built his theory system; criticism is the fundamental path of Marxism system. Marxism is a tight logical system, and revealing the human nature and human exploration of Liberation is the theme of Marxism. The formation of the Marx's human nature underwent three phases: from an abstract human being to reveals the reality of alienation of human nature, and then to realistic human being, the process of which is also a logical stricter of Obverse Reverse their Combination. Contradictions of human nature within the realistic human being are the driving force of both human history and the internal power of the development of Marxism. The inevitable trend of historical development of mankind and the logical conclusion of the system of Marx's theory are the overcome of the alienation of social relations, and the realization of comprehensive development of people.The logical starting point of Marx's theory is realistic human being, and its' logical end is the all-round development of people, while the revolutionary practice is the logical medium which runs through the logical starting point to end point of Marxist theory system. The exact positioning of Marxist theory's logical starting point, logical end point and logical medium are the premise of building a scientific Marxism system and the basic norm to ensure Marxism'coming down in one continuous line.To really understand what is Marxism, what is the fundamental property of Marxism, we need not only to understand the basic principles and the specific conclusions of Marxism, but also to be clear with the most fundamental mode of thinking that the Marxism was dependent on,i.e., we must figure out how is Marxism produced. His way of thinking is dominant in system of Marx's theory. The research of the thinking mode of Marx's theory is actually searching for the "theoretical framework" of Marx's theory. The "theoretical framework" is undoubtedly the Marxist doctrine of the "meta-philosophy." Meta-philosophy should decide the objects, properties and function of the philosophy. Dialectical logic is the meta-philosophy, the fundamental doctrine of Marxism, the intrinsic principle of the whole system and the evidence for the eternal presence of Marxism. In The Poverty of Philosophy, Marx revealed the secret doctrine of all:Dialectical Logic. All the Marx's doctrines are developed in the form of dialectical logic. The solid shape developed in the historical order is the diachronic structure of the system of Marx's theory. The Synchronic study and diachronic study of Marxist theory are the two basic dimensions. Synchronic study researches by means of systematicness and integrity with the conclusion of two-dimensional principles of the system of the Marx'theory; while diachronic study is focused on Marxism of the structures of the different periods, and the logical evolution of relations between them, building the three-dimensional structure of Marxist theory. Marx's theory is the diachronic structure with dialectics, which expands on the historical order of five levels, in a unified theme, in logical progression, and in a harmonious theme. Each of the five levels, from initial abstraction respectively to the concrete forms, together constitutes the Marxist theory of five levels of three-dimensional structure.To properly construct the system of Marx's theory, Synchronic study must be carried out, and it outlines the great framework of Marxism system. Synchronic study is in relative terms with the diachronic study. Synchronic and diachronic studies of Marxist theory system are the two basic dimensions of Marx's theory, both of which examine the forms of social structure and cultural theory and its structure and morphology from their respectively static and dynamic, vertical and horizontal dimensions. Synchronic study mainly focuses on the target system and the relationship of the ingredients within it, paying special attention to the structure of the targets; whereas the diachronic study based on the laws of development of the paradoxical movement, is mainly for the process of the moving objects, and mainly for the morphology of the process. Synchronic and diachronic studies are dialectical unity with each other. A correct hierarchical study of Marxist theory is important and is the premise for the reconstruction its integrity. The decoding for hierarchy of the Marxist theory has already had several different paradigms, and the structural decoding and the functioning decoding have had their fundamental paradigms. The decoding for hierarchy of the Marxist theory, according to Marx's logic of the text, is the transformation of the paradigm of the varied gradations research of his doctrines.There exists the logic of the hierarchical decoding in Marx's text, which is the ultimate evidence of hierarchical division of the system of Marx's theory. Based on that, the system of Marx's theory can be divided into three layers:human being, historical materialism, and its scientific system.The macro-structure of system of Marx's theory generated by the dialectics is the main ingredient of the synchronic study. System of Marx's theory is based on dialectics, a logic circle formed by thesis, antithesis and combination of thesis and antithesis. The thesis in the system of Marx's theory is the Marxist philosophy, the antithesis is Marxist political economy, and the combination is the scientific socialism. The system of Marx's theory also includes many lower level interlocked circles.The system of Marx's theory is a huge theory system, including philosophy, history, sociology, politics, economics and many scientific areas. From the perspective of theory of knowledge it is a sophisticated system of theories. But from the theory of value, there exist a fundamental ideological line and a very lucid logic main line. To understand the system of Marx's theory comprehensively and profoundly, we must seriously analyze the logic main line so that we can master the system scantily and precisely. In both the logic structure and the content structure, there always exists this main line in the system of Marx's theory, i.e. the liberation of people.The realistic human being is the logic beginning of the system of Marx's theory. The understanding of the realistic human being is the fundamental premise of the scientific understanding the system of Marx's theory. Marx studied the real concept the human nature by criticizing the alienation of the human nature. After exposing that the "law", "country", "religion" and "abstract man" are fractal, Marx went on to conclude that "all the social relationships" are the overall form of all the human nature alienation. Generative, negativity and unity are the fundamental property of the system of Marx's theory. The value criticism function does not stop the scientific historical materialism. The system of Marx's theory is the unity of the concept of truth and values. Alienation is still the component of the Marxist historical materialism. Prerequisite criticism and value should be the stand starting point for the present development of philosophy and social science.To deeply understand the system of Marx's theory, we must clearly outline its ontology. There exists a unified ontology in the system of Marx's theory which is the social theory. The "subject" noumenon is the ontology of the whole system of Marx's theory. In the Marx's theory system, the "subject" is the "substance", and the "substance" is the "noumenon". This is directly opposite to conversions of the traditional philosophy for its subject, substance and noumenon. In the traditional philosophy, "noumenon" is converted into "substance", and in Hegel's philosophy, "subject is substance".With the analyses of the structure of the system of Marx's theory, modernity of the system of Marx's theory should be answered. The reveal of the structure of the system of Marx's theory is the premise of the answer. The building up the modernity of the system of Marx's theory is the value of this study. The system of Marx's theory is faced with various challenges since its born. The challenges are coming from the system of Marx's theory itself, the new situation and new problems in the communist practice, and the controversies from the philosophy of contemporary western philosophy and culture. In one word, the modernity of system of Marx's theory is widely questioned. Do we need to "say farewell to Marxism" or to "go back to Marxism"? Is it a "historical termination? Or "Marx is contemporary"? How to defend the system of Marx's theory and its modernity is a historic mission for contemporary Marxists.We strongly believe that system of Marx's theory is scientific. The system of Marx's theory is always the keen ideological weapon for the criticizing the real world:it is not arbitrariness, but is the conclusion of the system of Marx's theory. The theme, fundamental ideology and generating rules in the system of Marx's theory are the fundamental guarantee for the presence of the system of Marx's theory. The three magic weapons for the presence of system of Marx's theory are the theory of human liberation, critical spirit and dialectics.