The Gender Equality Research Of Political Participation And Employment Policy In China

Ever since the founding of People's Republic of China, gender equality has been established on the public policy theory which main content is law for more than six decades, but gender inequality is still a common phenomenon. For theoretical research, there are still some problems existing in the research on gender equality in public policy now. First, the area of research is limited. The study on the gender equality in China is mainly based on the Macro study. Second, the depth of research is limited. From the academic point of the view, Chinese researchers always put their attention on the gender equality in the sociology or the policy, but seldom combine the gender equality with the public policy to research. Third, the scholars who study the gender equality are mostly women, and the study is mainly around the discipline such as the women's studies and the sociology. The study which can put gender equality into the public administration, especially into public policy is such a rare. For the above reasons, this paper is based on the Maxims thought and the Feminism theory of gender equality, using the gender inequality in political participation and employment policy as the breakthrough point, analyzing the current phenomenon that, in China, the lost of gender equality in the political participation and employment policy and also analyzing the reason of this phenomenon. All these are in order to improve and construct the political participation and employment policy within the gender equality. The whole paper will be divided into five chapters to discuss. The first chapter is the introduction section, it's mainly to give a comprehensively summarize in the purpose and the meaning of this paper, the present research situation of the main point of view involved in the paper and the innovation of this paper. It also tries to illustrate the purpose of this research, the related research and the value of this study. The second chapter basically to give the theory analysis of the theoretical basis about the realization of the gender equality in political participation and employment policy, including Marxist theory and western feminists analysis of gender equality. The purpose of this chapter is to give the theoretical foundation for the later analysis of the gender equality in the political participation and employment policy. Chapter three is mainly to give the analysis of gender equality about the implementation effect and the existed problems in the Chinese women's political participation and employment policy. The forth chapter is basically to analyze the phenomenon that the lack of consciousness about gender equality in political participation and employment policy and the reason of this phenomenon. In chapter five, according to the present problem that the lack of gender equality in Chinese women's political participation and employment policy, referencing of foreign theory and practice experience about the gender equality policy in the political participation and employment, creatively putting forward the countermeasures for women's political participation and employment policy which is based on perfecting the gender mainstreaming, this is the core part and also the main innovation place of this paper. In this part, it firstly proposes the direction about improving the gender equality in women's political participation and employment policy in China, that is, we must insist on gender mainstreaming and the core view that female empowerment, using all these as the policy guidance, putting forward the specific countermeasures about increasing gender equality in political participation and employment policy. This countermeasure is mainly around two core ideas. One is that we should use the developing vision to view of gender when we study the gender equality, for gender is not only related to the history stage but also related to the culture of the race and the nation. Another idea is that when we study the gender equality, we should put men and women into the same status, thinking about their relevance and interactivity, that is, looking at issues of gender equality from the mutual influence symbiotic perspective. Never putting men and women into the opposite position, but to realize the essence of the gender equality, putting the major source of gender inequality to gender culture, gender structure and gender system. So we can conclude that the issue of gender equality is not only thewomen's problem but the problem of men as well, it's more the problem of development than the problem of human rights. In a word, putting the gender equality in the women's political participation and employment policy as the core and foundation point to the realization of the gender equality in all aspects, that's the core thought of this paper, it's also the main innovate part of this paper. This paper taking a special theory research on the women's political participation and employment policy has the following three reasons in the theoretical level. First, equal political participation and equal employment is a basic human right which is recognized by the international community. Second, equal political participation and equal employment is the foundation of gender equality. Third, equal political participation and equal employment is the important standard to measure the development of gender equality. In practice, although the inequality in legal has already disappeared, women in fact are still at a weak position. The formation of this weak position is because in the core power department of China there never has a female member, the number of women in the national authorities is far less than the number of men, and as the profound influence of"male culture", those few women cadres who work in the government authority also by"masculine". Based on the consideration from theory and practice, this paper proposes the view that the core to realize the gender equality is to fully realize the equality for women in the field of political participation and employment.Theoretically, the research of this paper could be defined as Public Policy Studies, namely the"gender equality and justice."By looking into the relationship between gender equality and employment policy, and taking gender discrimination as a primary research object, the author aimed at improving the current employment system with the sense of gender equality, which is believed as a great enrichment for Public Policy Studies to a certain extent. Meanwhile the research of this paper also means a lot to the construction of a harmonious society. The so-called"gender harmony"is an important part of the harmonious society. The very nature of a harmonious society is the balanced development of all classes and ranks, while Public Policy Studies act as an essential implement to solve problems in public affairs management. On legislating certain laws and rules to regulate the profit distribution of all classes, Public Policy constantly promote the construction of fairness and justice of one society. Practically, this paper concentrates on the reality of Chinese society and the situation of Chinese female employment, from which the author established problem awareness and looking forward to building a better future of gender equality. Based on analysis of the formation and practice of the employment policy, the author expresses his concern on the interests of women and other vulnerable groups and gave some suggestions on further improvement of the employment policy of China. In a word, this paper tries to contribute to the combination of Public Policy and the Theory of Gender Perspective, deepen the gender equality studies in Public Policy decision-making, boost the born of a new interdisciplinary, set up a policy system of gender equality and fulfill the project of establishing a harmonious society with a core essence of gender equality.