Marx And Engels's Thought Of People's Livelihood And Its Exertion And Development In China

The people's livelihood is a basic matter along with the survival and development of human beings, is the people's most direct and practical interest, which they care about most, relating to the social harmony. China in the21century has entered into a new era for improving the people's livelihood, which, in term of the real situation, is difficult. Owing to the effect of many factors, like economic,history,culture and system, improving of our people's livelihood is an arduous task. This essay tries to find out the solution to this problem from Marx and Engels, the founder of Marxism. The full text follows.Part I:The Formation Process of Marx and Engels's Thought of People's LivelihoodThis part mainly introduces the formation basis and logic process of Marx and Engels's thought of people's livelihood.1. The formation basis is mainly reflected in social conditions and theoretic origin of the formation of Marx and Engels's thought of people's livelihood. The social conditions are that the development of capitalist basic contradiction provides practical basis for the formation of Marx and Engels's thought of people's livelihood, that the influence of special growth environment on the concepts of Marx and Engels provides subjective conditions for the formation of Marx and Engels's thought of people's livelihood. The theoretic origin is that Marx and Engels's thought of people's livelihood is theoretically enlightened by enlightenment thinkers'concept of freedom of people's livelihood. Utopian socialists'concept of people's livelihood and Feuerbach's humanistic concept of people's livelihood.2. The formation process of Marx's thought of people's livelihood is divided into four stages, namely, the period affected by traditional rationalism, the period affected by Feuerbach's humanistic materialism, the period of founding materialist concept of history, and elucidation by Marx and Engels at their old age. It is a process from bud to initial formation, to maturity, and to continuous development.Part II:The Analysis of Marx and Engels's Thought of People's LivelihoodThis part mainly introduces the primary content and basic features of Marx and Engels's Thought of People's Livelihood.1. Its primary content includes three aspects.(1) Satisfying the need of "people from the reality" is the starting point of Marx and Engels's Thought of People's Livelihood.(2) Achieving all-round free development of "people from the reality" is the supreme proposition and state of Marx's Thought of People's Livelihood, therefore its ultimate purpose.(3) Achieving ideal people's livelihood is a significant historical task and a long-term course. The proletariat should change the world with revolutionary.On the basis of criticizing capitalism for dissimilating people's livelihood. the proletariat must further promote tremendous development of social productivity, fundamental reform of production relations, establishment and improvement of security system, prioritized development of culture and education, and adjustment and perfection of distribution relations. The proletariat must also provide the realization of communist ideal people's livelihood with material basis, institutional precondition, security guarantee, ideological condition, and key link.2. Marx and Engels's Thought of People's Livelihood, which is different from that of Western social scholars, takes historical materialism as its philosophical foundation and features practice, science, criticism, humanism, and openness.Part III:The Exertion and Development of Marx and Engels's Thought of People's livelihood in ChinaThis part probes into the theoretical logic of Marx and Engels's Thought of People's Livelihood in China. During its localization process, its kernel (theory of putting people first, theory of purpose and theory of practice) has been substantially enriched and developed.1. The theory of putting people first is endowed with profound significance of the times by "Serve the people wholeheartedly","Three Benefits" standard of value,"Three Represents" standard of judgment, and ideology of "putting people first" put forward by the Marxists in China.2. Taking account of the socialist development stage and its long-term characteristics, generations of leadership of China Communist Party put forward development goals concerning people's livelihood such as "Four Modernizations","Common Prosperity","All-around Moderately Prosperous Society", and "Harmonious Society", which are theoretical achievements of the theory of purpose in China.3. According to changing the world with revolutionary,the development strategy with Chinese characteristics is newly manifested in "Two revolutions liberating people's livelihood","Reform and opening-up developing people's livelihood","Enhancing people's livelihood in an all-around way", and "Scientific development improving people's livelihood".Part â…£:Marx and Engels's Thought of People's Livelihood and Construction of Contemporary Chinese People's LivelihoodThis part discusses the realistic application of Marx and Engels's Thought of People's Livelihood to contemporary Chinese social problems concerning people's livelihood.1. Analyze on major manifestations of Chinese social problems concerning people's livelihood and their reasons.2. With Marx and Engels's Thought of People's Livelihood as the guide, summarize route choice of construction of people's livelihood, thereby facilitate development of social people's livelihood of China, and push construction of harmonious society.