Intellectuals Policy Of The Communist Party Of China (1949-1956)

Intellectuals the word comes from Russia, along with the time development, the intellectual's concept and meaning be constantly interpreted, it is generally thought that intellectuals should have the following three characteristics:first is the knowledge level is high, and in which are more than the average level of highly educated people; Next is the labor properties, intellectuals generally are considered intellectual workers; The third is the professional field, intellectuals generally in science and technology, education, culture, public health and other fields work, through his own mental work spirit results to show value formation and the contribution to society. These three points can be seen as definition intellectuals the extension of the basic standard. This paper studies the intellectual is to point to study in the late qing dynasty, famous in the republic of China period, the experience of the replacement of the kuomintang regime, have modern scientific culture quality, to western thought culture as the main consciousness of intellectual elite group. This and in the early days of the education degree from people by, starting with primary school education at that time people collectively referred to as the formulation of intellectuals have obvious difference.This paper is divided into seven parts. In the introduction section, focuses on why the significance and topic selection, present situation and reviewed at home and abroad, this paper the research methods and ideas and may the innovation points, and for the intellectuals this group made to define how to define.The first chapter "marxist intellectuals of theory and practice" is always on the paper, first of Marx, Engels about intellectual discusses this paper, the intellectuals in the MaEn works are not a research focus, and Lenin in the proletariat revolution is in the process of practice of intellectuals problems on the study of the system, the theory of the former Soviet union intellectual policy formulation has far-reaching influence.The second chapter "democratic revolution party's intellectual policy review". First in the first half of the20th century Chinese intellectuals described the group characteristics, introduce them to the communist party of China the attitude of the new democratic revolution theory, and finally summarizes the communist party of China in the period of democratic revolution intellectual policy practice experience in the process of the gain and loss, and make comments.Chapter3"after the founding of the party of intellectual ideological reform and its influence. First introduces the intellectual community after the founding of the state, the analysis of the Chinese communist party for intellectuals of ideology reconstruct causes of the content of the movement are briefly described, finally summarizes ideological reform movement intellectual achievements made.The fourth chapter "party in the field of ideology and ideological critical consequences". The communist party of China to transition route, the policy is expounded, combined with the actual status of the intellectuals at the time, and find out the intellectuals in the thought the central committee of the communist party and ideology policy differences. Because of these differences and allows for the existence of the Chinese communist party in the ideological area has launched YuPingBo of a dream of red mansions "research, hu shi" idealism "thinking of the criticism, and with the criticism of hu feng's literary theory and" hu feng's counter-revolutionary group "reached its peak. The last of the communist party of China in the field of ideology that sports criticism the negative role of synthesized and summarized.Chapter5:"in the building of socialism in an all-round way and the party' s intellectual policy adjustment". As the communist party of China on intellectuals of ideological reform movement complete, the intellectual's role in intelligence under the leadership of the communist party of China right into full play, adapt to the world revolution of science and technology development new situation and the needs of the socialist construction, especially for the first five-year plan "the smooth implementation of. The party has made a great contribution to the socialist construction in the process of combining with practice, to intellectual policy constantly adjust, has announced that the intellectual is" part of the working class,"" stepping to science", and put forward the "let flowers blossom and schools of thought contend" the policy, and in practice of success.Chapter6"in the early days of the party to the experience of intellectuals and enlightenment". Through this period of the communist party of China intellectual policy experience of analysed and summarized, an objective evaluation of the intellectuals in the role of socialist construction, the correct understanding and analysis of the intellectual class attribute, distinguish between and deal with the relationship between the political and academic, calm thinking in the current how to play their enthusiasm and ability, we today for construction of a socialist harmonious society provides beneficial enlightenment.In the early days of the party's intellectual policy lessons, the author thinks that has the following four:one is to correct understanding and analysis of the intellectual class attribute. The party of the proletariat in after coming to power should adjust the thinking mode, complete the transformation from a revolutionary party to the ruling party, with unity and development of thought to mobilize social various power, on socialist construction. The party of the proletariat in the construction of the country in the process of practice should be making based on the actual situation related policy, don't blindly copying from the other countries of the experience and the pattern, avoid the dogmatism mistakes. Should take an objective look at and evaluate intellectuals were bourgeois education, sure they in China in the social and historical development is the progressive. Should make full estimation and sure intellectuals in the ideological, political advancement, arouse their enthusiasm of patriotism, arouse their enthusiasm for socialist construction service.2it is to distinguish between and deal with the relationship between the political and academic. Academic and political shall establish the harmony, the relations of the From the perspective of the legalization of academic and political relations, in compliance with the premise of the law allows citizens have the freedom of speech, thus safeguarding academic research of freedom; To prevent excessive intervention on the political academic, avoid academic research politicized. Three is to hold that the communist party of China put forward "let flowers blossom and schools of thought contend" policy. Reform and opening up to more than30years of practice course tell us, adhere to the "" policy, is to achieve prosperity of academic research in China and the development of the cause of the right choice.4it is to fully realize the intellectuals in the socialist construction in the role. The intellectual is human science and culture knowledge important creators, successor and disseminator; The intellectual is promoting our country's scientific and technological progress and the main force of the economic development; The intellectual is in the construction of socialist spiritual civilization backbone and core strength.