On The CPC's Understanding Various Trends Of Thought And Attitudes To Them During The New Democratic Revolution Period

During the New Democratic Revolution Period, the CPC's understanding of social trends of thought expanded in the background of the international and domestic backgrounds. The international background meant that the world at large was characterized by revolutions and wars. The October Revolution of Russia heralded human beings into a new era, influenced by which the proletariat revolutions and national liberation movements featured this period. The dominant trend of this age was socialism. Marxism was spread widely in Japan, Russia and Europe, and proved to tremendously influential. It was primarily through these countries that Marxism got into China. Domestically, the economic, hierarchical, political as well as ideological structures underwent drastic changes. One of the root causes is the First World War which made Chinese evade capitalism. The success of the Russia's October revolution was just in time to turn the attention of the Chinese intellectuals from the west to the east, from capitalist democracy to Marxism. The May fourth movement further prompted the dissemination of Marxism and its integration with Chinese labor movement. The fact that Marxism reveals the truth met the demand of the then Chinese society. Before the founding of the CPC, the contest between Marxism and other non-Marxist trends laid the foundation for the emergence of the CPC to be the leader, ideologically, during the new democratic period. During this process, Marxism was widely spread. Meanwhile, many Chinese intellectuals with some ideas of communism grew up to be Marxists.During the New Democratic Revolution Period, the CPC had experienced four stages of different cognition of the Three Principles of People (here refers to the Sun Yat-sen's Three People's Principles) and the attitudes to it under different revolution circumstances, which are:firstly, the CPC exaggerated the similarities and dissimilarities between the three principles of people and the Communism, and adopted a completely negative or positive attitude to it; secondly, the CPC recognized the similarities and differences between the Principles and the Communism initially, and was willing to implement the Three Principles of People; thirdly, the CPC supported, inherited and referred to the Three Principles of People under the scientific and complete understanding of it; fourthly, the CPC accomplished the overall realization of the Three Principles of People. During the New Democratic Revolution Period, the CPC's cognition of the Three Principles of People and the attitudes to it had its important significance, namely, promoting the Marx doctrine in China in theory and promoting the development of Chinese democratic revolution career in practice. On the other hand, it also had some deficiencies, namely, the CPC once adopted a completely negative or positive attitudes to the Three Principles of People.During the New Democratic Revolution Period, the CPC had experienced five different stages of cognition of the Liberalism and the attitudes to it under different revolution circumstances, they are:firstly, the CPC regarded the Liberalism as a compromise peace doctrine and held the attitudes of rejection; secondly, the CPC believed that the Liberalism had its anti-feudal progress and advocated a united liberal; thirdly, the CPC thought that the Liberalism was the tools of ruling class and held negative attitudes; fourthly, the CPC thought that the Liberalism has made progress in united anti-Japanese and developing democracy, and united to fight for the Liberals; fifthly, the CPC recognized its improvement and progress, and distinguished the trend from the character. The CPC's cognition of the Liberalism and the attitudes to it had its reasonable and appropriate respect, namely, the significance in promoting the Marx doctrine in China. On the other hand, it also had some disadvantages, namely, the CPC once held absolute negative attitudes to the Liberalism and did some radical rhetoric to the Liberals.During the New Democratic Revolution Period, the CPC had experienced a shift from immature to mature process in the understanding and criticism of the Cultural Conservatism and Wholesale Westernization thought, and this process was divided into three stages:firstly, the CPC believed that the Eastern and Western culture had been the "soul travel in a wild tomb" and treated the two thoughts with rejection and opposed attitudes; secondly, the CPC reassessed the Eastern and Western culture and advocated combing the two thoughts to create new culture in the criticism of them; thirdly, the CPC thought that there were "essence" and "dross" in the Eastern and Western culture, and clarified the scientific concept of culture in the criticism of them. During the New Democratic Revolution Period, the CPC's cognition of the Cultural Conservatism and Wholesale Westernization thought and the attitudes to it had its own significance, namely, promoting the sinicization and the popularization of Marxism. On the other hand, it also had some inadequacies, namely, the CPC once adopted a complete negative attitude to the two thoughts.During the New Democratic Revolution Period, the CPC demonstrated the advancement in the understanding of the social trends of thought and the attitudes to it, namely, the CPC correctly answered and solved the historical theme" Where is China heading", and history and the people had chosen the CPC. And about how the CPC demonstrated the advancement, the answers were:firstly, understanding and evaluating the social trends of thought by seeking truth from the factors; secondly, treating the social trends of thought throughout the dialectical critical spirit; thirdly, spreading the Marx doctrine strongly in the treatment of social trends of thought; fourthly, perfecting the fundamental requirements of demonstrating the advancement which meant meeting the demands of the people in the treatment of social trends of thought.During the New Democratic Revolution Period, the CPC had accumulated experience and lessons in the understanding and treatment of social trends of thought, major experience was:firstly, treating the social trends of thought with rational attitudes to form the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal consensus; secondly, combing the critique and construction to achieve theoretical innovation; thirdly, keeping Marx's" high potential" in the revolutionary practice; fourthly, establishing a scientific concept of culture and developed China's advanced culture; fifthly, solving the problems relating to people's interests. And lessons were:the first one was preventing absolute certainty or absolute negative tendencies in the understanding of the social trends of thought and the attitudes to it; and the second one was avoiding radical remarks on the criticisms of some mains of the social trends of the thought.To refer to the main experience and take the lessons from the understanding of the social trends of thought and the attitudes to it during the New Democratic Revolution Period to develop the reality, which requires:firstly, understanding and grasping the epochal characteristics of the new era and China's national conditions; secondly, grasping the overall situation and characteristics of China's social trends of thought in the new era, as well as the times meaning of "leading" at the present stage; thirdly, enhancing the ability to answer and solve practical problems of the Marx doctrine in practice; fourthly, striving to explore the scientific path which leads the social trends of thought in the new eras in the process of sinicizating, popularizing and modernizing the Marxism.The conclusion is about the discussion of the overall thought on the CPC's understanding of the social trends of thought and the attitudes to them during the New Democratic Revolution Period.