Foreign Trade And Jiangsu Rural Industrial Structure Changes (1895-1936)

Taking the rural industrial structure of Jiangsu as research object during 1895?936, the present paper analyses and studies altenations of the rural industrial structure in modern Jiangsu Province as well as its reason, course, result and trend. The Present paper makes an analysis of the nature and the altenation trend of foreign trade and its effect to agricultural economies as well from four aspects about structure of trade, quantities of trade, terms of trade and customs taxation. The present paper holds that the expanding in trade scale and altenat ion in structure induced the possible curve of agricultural production to elapse out, which made the important invest or the important natural resources in agriculture棗 Agricultural labour, combine with the other substance resourses in depth and width. That is, to develop the economic plants of the economical桳anded in the field of agriculture and to develop agricultural products processing of the denselylaboured in the fieLd of nonagriculture. At the same time, import machine梡rocessed products also made import substitution form and develop in Jiangsu. The change of the industrial structure in modern Jiangsu mainly included three aspects, namely adjustment in plant structure, agricultural production structure and the formation of industrial array structure. The adjustment in plantation strructure included such contents as decrease grain production of the densely landed and increase industrial crop production of densely laboured. The adjustment in agricultural production structure mainly included: all kinds of the rural sideline production had been developed into the independent and special plantation branch, no longer subsidiary industry of agricultural production, which brought about social division of labour and specialization in production course. Both specialication of subsidiary production and the prosperity brought to the rural industry of new kind formed an organic array of the rural industry: agriculture 棗the first industry; the rural by梡roduct. processing and manufacturing industry梩he second industry; the rural finance, commerce, communications and 147 transportation and so on梩he third industry. Thus, the formation of the rural industrial structure and economic development had been shaped in the late 1920s and the early 1930s. The Chinese are speeding up its step to accede to WTO. According to the principle of the comparative superiority, the Chinese agriculture must accomplish the most super disposition in natural resources and overall promotion in the rural industrial structure against the background of the world market. Hence, to probe into the modern rural industrial structure will undoubtedly afford positive and instructive use for reference to the present policy of the rural industrial structure.