Trade Policy Studies

This dissertation makes a study on China's trade policyChina　began the course of the reform and opening to the outside world in the late 1970' , and had attained marked successesIn the past twenties years, China opened up to the world by itself,and eventually the world held china in a warm embraceThe combination of China and the outside world in fields of economies and cultures provided a lasting power for China's modernizationFor a main channel of developping economical contact with the outside world, foreign trade has been a main part of China's economic development strategy;Simultaneously, China's WTO entry in the first year of the new century show that we must observe the basic rule or usual practice of international trade when developping foreign trade from now onThese manifest the realiy and the pressing of the study on China's trade policyIn this dissertation, I first review the theoric basis of trade policy(the basic theory of international trade), then inspect the internal and international factor of China's trade policy, finally provide the countermeasure and propose for the selection of China's trade policy and trade policy measureHistorically, we can understand that trade theory is the basis of trade policy The history of trade theory provide two basic thread to us:the theory of free trade and trade protectionThe two theory developped in opposition and balanceWhen various country adopt different trade policy in their each historical period,they approved the inspiration of trade theory on basis of their national benefit。Some historical and realistic or internal and international factors helped to bring about China's trade policyIn internal, first, since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the development of China's foreign trade provided experience for our realistic trade policyBefore the reform and opening to the outside world, China carried out an extreme system of trade protection, it corresponded with the sistem of organization and trade strategy in those yearsAfter the reform and opening to the outside world, along with the development of the opening economy, China begun the counse of trade reform, and brought about the turn of trade policy, namely begun to the process of gradual trade liberalization Secondly, China's comparative advantage and its chang are the realistic factor of China' trade policyIn the early stage of China's industrialization, it deviated from China's comparative advantageAfter the reform and opening to the outside world , owing to the opening development trategy of industrialization, China's comparative advantage (labour-concentrated) was displayed graduallyThis comparative advantage, being the basis of gradual trade liberlization, provided large trade benefit for China But in the view of international competition, China can't specialize permanently in the traditional comparative advantageTrade policy must bring about to transform realistic comparative into competitive advantageIn international, China's trade policy selection is restricted by many factorsFirst, China's trade policy must submit to the tendency of economic globalizationIt must both shares the benefit produced by globalization and avoides its lashSecondly, China's trade policy must catch hold of the opportunity produced by the global adjustment of industry construction and the creation of international trade, and advances the cause of China's modernization constructionThe third, the rise of strategic trade policy in developed countries is a challenge to our country, Simultaneously also provides profitable inspiration for the selection of China's trade policyFinally, China has been a member of WTO, WTO's trade policy provide a frame to establish China's trade policyWTO embody a idea that free trade and trade protection can be unified togetherWTO formulates the rule to get rid of the obstruct for international trade, but allowes rational protectionIn view of economic development level, the establishment of China's trade policy must embody the idea that unifying free trade a...