Beyond The Knowledge And Value Of The Tension: "science And Metaphysics" Philosophical Questions

This is a monograph to study 'the Controversy of Science v. Metaphysics" in 1923 merely from pure angle ofphilosophy.The monograph keeps the ground that it is the logical starting point of modern Chinese philosophy since it is the firstcontroversy waged in (he form of pure philosophy. One of the glaring features of the controversy is to takefoundationally philosophical solution as the basis of the solution of life problems. In substance, the controversy is theconflict of science with philosophy and the clash of cognition with intention, knowledge with value, rationalism withvoluntarism, means-reason with ends-reason and sciemism with humanism. As in the forward position of philosophyfields, the questions put in the controversy arc of both far-reaching significance of history- of human thought and that ofthe whole world of the present age.Why up to now it seems the controversy will be endless forever? The monograph holds that one of the basic reasons isthat there is some problem in the way the two parties in the controversy put questions. Those are 'science and humanity',knowledge and value, reason and will or cognition and intention, which is the primary and which is the secondary,which is the 'root' ( ) and which is the 'branch' ( ) and so on and so forth. They are similar to such a kind ofquestion 'cither hen or egg is the prior'. This kind of way put question is the very outcome of reasonable analysis andthinking mode of dual opposition, that is to say, the thinking mode which Engels called 'metaphysic'. The monographputs questions like this: science and humanity, or cognition and intention, arc they originally opposite to each other? Ifnot, what are their true features? How does the opposition take place? How should they are unified together at a higherlevel'?The monograph holds that the dual opposition of science and humanity or cognition and intention is the result ofreasonable analysis. It just is the feature of the thinking mode of modern Occident when it appears in the historicalcourse of human thought. The 'having not given play1 ( ) 'innate ability' ( ) of spiritual consciousness is anintegral whole. The 'having given play' ( ) one becomes divided into the opposition of cognition and intention orknowledge and value. Genuine philosophy must surmount this kind of opposition and seek the unity or identity of bothThe real reliable foundation of the unity or identity, in the author's opinion, is 'human being' or practice and theintegral spiritual being which is the inner spiritual casting of the practice. It's only on the basis of practice that theopposition of cognition and intention or the strain of knowledge and value could be dispelled, because practice itself isa living 'unitary field'. - They are originally identified when cognition and intention take place in practice; they willbe finally unified when knowledge and value realizes in practice.There arc eight chapters in all.Chapter one, as the foundation of our argument, specially approaches the question of the forms of consciousness (thestructure of spirit, the forms of consciousness and the structure of practice). It's because, as the central question in thecontroversy, the relation between cognition and intention or knowledge and value, first of all, has to do with thequestion of the forms of spiritual consciousness.Chapter two carefully makes an investigation into the thoughtful and cultural backgrounds of the controversy, includesthe Occidental, the Chinese and the turn of the ideological trend around 'May 4 in 1919'. Particularly, the Westernrationalist tradition, the 'schizophrenia' of cognitionalism v. Intcntionalism since the modern age, Chinesedispositionalist tradition and the controversy of 'the Academic Discipline of the Han Dynasty' v. 'the AcademicDiscipline of the Song Dynasty' arc investigated.Chapter three narrates in details the course of the controversy. The whole course is divided into three periods', thegenesis, the d...