| As opening-up and financial system reform in China is still deepening, domestic commercial banks have played an important role in economy of China. However, at the present time, commercial banks in china, especially state-owned commercial banks, have most characteristics which the commercial banks have in the transitional economy and in developing countries, such as commercialization reform not being finished, poor management mechanism, poor performance and so on, these restrict the commercial banks from playing an important role. At the special phase, China has entered WTO (the World Trade of Organization), whole the financial market almost will be open in a few years, the internal market and the external market will be integrated. The commercial banks in China will compete with all kinds of rivals, such as large foreign commercial banks, middle & small foreign commercial banks, non-bank financial institutions. In other words, they will exist in the environment where government do not provide protection for them, how to enhance competence has been an pivotal factor for them to survive, competence of commercial banks have been focused on being discussed and studied. Thereafter, it is very important in theory and in realism to discuss how to enhance competence of the Chinese commercial banks. In the dissertation, theory study has been focused on applying the theories of industrial organization to enhance competence of commercial banks. So, many methodologies have been applied to study the competence, such as contrast, induction, deductive method, systemic analysis and so on. In theory study, study on competence theories has traced to its source, Adam Smith's competence theory as a representative is one of western classical competence theories, and western modern competence theories mainly include theories of industrial organization, competence theories of Austrian school, Michael Porter's competence theory, modern resource management theory and core competence theory. Then, Marxian competence theory has been expatiated. By contrasting main westerncompetence theories and Marxian competence theory, based on timeliness of competence, author has come to a conclusion of components of competence, and has thought that competence of a enterprise is determined by former competence, new strategic behavior in new competitive environment and government economic policies. Based on these, competence analytic system of commercial banks have been discussed, safety indicators, market indicators and productivity indicators have been put forward, and has used a matrix to describe present competence indicators of commercial banks, the factors of the matrix include former competence of commercial banks, strategic competitive behavior, future economic environment and government policies. In analysis of realistic competence of Chinese commercial banks, the dissertation has pointed out that in domestic market, capital adequacy of domestic commercial banks is 8% or more than 8% which the Basel Agreement had set up capital adequacy as a standard for central banks to supervise financial institutions, especially commercial banks, non performance loan (NPL) ratio of the state-owned commercial banks is high, the ratio was 25.36% in 2001, but state-owned commercial banks occupy market ratio, the market ratio of the other commercial banks is low, stock commercial banks have higher productivity, and the state-owned commercial banks have lower productivity, because stock commercial banks have vital operation mechanism. In a word, the four state-owned commercial banks and stock commercial banks have some competence in some sense, but contrasted with strong foreign commercial banks, their competence is very frail, has been formed in closed protective environment. So, competence of Chinese commercial banks is in low level, and is enhanced by long-time reform. In the international market, Chinese commercial banks almost have no strength except bank of China. In a word, contrasted with strong transnational banks in developed...
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