| China is a typical maritime country, with a long borderline and a mass neighborhood. This makes it face the geopolitical pressure from ocean and land as a challenging strategy. Neighboring Russia in north, Japan in east and southeastern countries in south, China is in latent danger of geopolitical besiegement and has many unstable factors in Northwestern border area. It is of great significance in theory and practice that by researching the strategy of Going Oceanic, China could surmount the geo-politically difficult position and cause a change in Asia-Pacific structure, in order to become a regional great country in mid 21cnetry and later on a world great country. With the guide of the basic theory of Marxist Political Science, and historical analysis and from multi-angle of international strategy, this thesis discusses the strategic background of China's Going Oceanic, and raises general principle of moving forward. Chapter I. Inspiration: Coastal Defense in Late Qing Dynasty and Republic of ChinaChina started its national oceanic strategy with coastal defense. The failure of national navy in Republic of China and the defense-centralized land security in late Qing Dynasty testify that in front of fixed offence, neither single defense nor fragile sea power is beneficial. Consequently, China's Going Oceanic requires specified target, actual strength and accurate analysis on geopolitics. Chapter II. Foundation: Sea Power and GeopoliticsIt is the most difficult situation for China, a typical maritime country, to deal with the pressure from both land and ocean. The geo-strategy requires at least one success in them, in order to bolster solving the other. The solution to geopolitical difficulty is made to be oceanic, not only because of the world-sensitivity on land expansion and the significance of the relationship between Russia and China, but also the board maritime space provided by the International Law. The surmounting over geopolitical strategy difficulty signifies Chinese Sea Power in West Pacific. The so-called "Fist Island Chain", starting from Japan, through Taiwan and ending in Malay Peninsula, performs a national obstacle encirclly against China's Going Oceanic. Accordingly, to clear away the "First Island Chain" becomes the starting point of Chinese Oceanic strategy, in which specified offensive lies the connotation.Chapter III. Principles: Sea Power and National InterestsGoing Oceanic is a part of Chinese entire strategy of development, including security, economics and strategic improvement. China needs to establish a competent and powerful navy that is able to defend the coastal boundary, on the base of which it can expand the strategic power in seas, in order to achieve various national interests. The U.S..A plays a role of creator of the strategic structure in Asia-Pacific region, who opposes China's oceanic strategy with its Chinese policy and the Japan-U.S. Alliance. Chinese strategic improvement needs stable international circumstance, while normal relationship with U.S..A is the significant prerequisite. The oceanic strategy interests conflicts with the international circumstance, which necessitate success both in sea power and in preventing international circumstance from worsening. Development is a complete procedure of achieving the national interests. These interests require square face to the restriction of strategic forwardness from strategic space, given by the plan of Going Oceanic.Chapter IV. Distribution: the Geopolitical Structure of "Two Regions and Two Points"The aim of China's Going Oceanic is to break the "First Island Chain". This "chain" splits the Chinese maritime space into two regions, which are Northeast Asia and Southeast Asia, with a center of Taiwan. To realize the sea power needs to realize effective control in these two regions. Presently, the U.S. leads the strategic direction there, by force of garrison in Asia-Pacific and the Japan-U.S. Alliance. It is the first aim of China to disintegrate the U.S. strategic con... |
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