| The agriculture of China will confront fiercer challenge in a faster process of economic globalization market integration, especially after its entering WTO. It is difficulty but necessary for us to improve the whole competitive capability of Agriculture. The author wants to achieve four goals through studying the competitive capability of Chinese District Agriculture. First, construct a theoretical frame for the competitive capability of Chinese District Agriculture research in order to explain the contend structure and influencing factors of competitive capability of Chinese District Agriculture; Second, research on how to construct the competitive capability of Chinese District Agriculture and inner regulation of its formation and development; Third, form a evaluation system of competitive capability of Chinese District Agriculture to provide systematic standards and methods to evaluate and compare the competitive capability of Chinese District Agriculture; Forth, through comparison and evaluation of competitive capability of sample District Agriculture, verify the constructed standards and methods of evaluation, and explain how adopt them in the in the evaluation of competitive capability of Chinese District Agriculture.I. Research line1.Content and ingredients of competitive capability of District AgricultureCompetitive capability of District Agriculture can be seen as market competitive capability of District Agriculture. It includes capability of market adaptation, capability of gaining profit, capability of enlargement,capability of anti-risk, capability of sustained development and integrative capability formed by such capabilities mentioned above. Market adaptation capability of District Agriculture is the main agricultural products' market adaptation capability and District Agriculture adaptation to market demand. Capability of gaining profit is the capability of gaining profit of the agricultural business. It is not only the guarantee of effective accumulation and sustained normal development but also the base of return for investor and welfare increase. Sustained development capability of District Agriculture is district's ability to provide support for the agricultural sustained development. It results from natural resources, infrastructure, producers enthusiasm, economic ability and ecologic environment. Capability of enlargement is the ability of market enlargement and level improvement in agricultural production. The enlargement of denotation leads to change inquantity whereas the enlargement of connotation will results in improvement of quality. Capability of anti-risk is maintenance of stable and sustained development by reducing loss brought by various risks. In the competitive capability of District Agriculture, capability of market adaptation is basic pre-requirement, capability of gaining profit is the core, capability of enlargement is the inner potentiality, capability of sustained development and anti-risk are the guarantee, the function of integrated capability is decisive factor of competitive capability of District Agriculture.2.Analysis and verification of competitive capability of District AgricultureThere are various factors influencing competition of District Agriculture, generally speaking, they include natural resources, ecologic environment, agricultural infrastructure, agricultural technology and science, market environment, regulation, policy and government etc. It is the integrated function of these factors that decides competitive capability of District Agriculture. Natural climate imposes a rigid restriction to development of District Agriculture which is the pre-requirement of development of District Agriculture. Resources of lands water and biology is the basic unalternable material, and the types quality, abundance of resources have an important influence on agriculture scale, agriculture structure, agriculture operation type, agriculture cost and product quality. Ecologic environment would influence sustainment of biologic resources, types and safety of products, cost and profit of agricultural production. Agricultural infrastructure which is the basic and necessary material would directly influences such decisive factors as production efficiency, cost, types and quality of products; Agricultural infrastructure itself is also the influencing factor of agricultural capability of anti-risk. Capability of R&D and generalizing skill of District Agriculture would directly influence production efficiency, types and quality of products, scale of production. Market environment of District Agriculture is the key of resources, information, funds, skill from outside of the District, It is also the bridge for agriculture producer and agriculture consumer. Moreover it would directly influence business scales trade cost of agricultural products, and could influence scales level of production and the degree of organization indirectly. These factors like organizations management system, development policy would harmonize the relation between agricultural production and market. Though they don't construct the production factors directly, they would influence the harmony and effectiveness of these production factors, and through their harmonizing effects on the influencing factors and decisive factors of other single competitive capability, they might impose a decisive influence on the integrated competitive capability of District Agriculture.3.How to chose evaluation methods and design the standards systemThe aim of evaluation of competitive capability of District Agriculture is to test and evaluate the competitive capability of District Agriculture, to compare the result among different districts, furthermore to analyze the reason for difference of competitive capability of District Agriculture. Therefore, we chose integrated evaluation of factors, integrated evaluation of departments integratedevaluation of structure.This article constructs standards system in order to apply integrated evaluation of factors, integrated evaluation of department, integrated evaluation of structure in the practice. This system adopts Tree Structure, firstly we divide them into different blocks according to the content, then design different standards according to their levels in their blocks. Standards of different block are juxtapositional, Standards of different level in each block are subjective. Standards of the same level are juxtapositional. Standards system is divided into three blocks including formation condition of competitive capability, level of competitive capability, potentiality of competitive capability. In each of these three blocks, standards are divided into three levels, every standard in the higher level is described by the standards of the lower level, and they are subjective. The structure of the standards divides the competitive capability of District Agriculture into three independent parts, and make the relation of content and structure clear; also the block and level relationship would quantitate the influencing factors and cause-and-effect relationship, and make the content of evaluation comprehensive, structure clear, the result more reasonable.4.District evaluation of samples and methodology verificationThis article chose Shan Dong and Si Chuan to compare their competitive capability of District Agriculture. It is mainly because there are many similar points in their agriculture development and both are representative. As two agricultural provinces with great district difference and natural resources, their competitive capability of District Agriculture is very representative. Seen from the result, as to the first standard of the formation condition of competitive capability of District Agriculture, it is 102.23 and 94.3 respectively for Shan Dong and Si Chuan. Si Chuan is higher in the standards of climate condition, natural resources condition, ecologic environment, and lower in other aspects. Seen from the total standard of the formation condition of competitive capability of District Agriculture, Si Chuan is lower. As to he first standard of the level of competitive capability of District Agriculture, it is 137.34 and 104.3 respectively for Shan Dong and Si Chuan. Si Chuan is higher only in the standard of agriculture growth, and is lower in any other aspect. Seen from the total standard of the level of competitive capability of District Agriculture, Si Chuan ps lower. As to development potentiality of competitive capability of District Agriculture, it is 110.26 and 95.74 respectively for Shan Dong and Si Chuan. Si Chuan is lower in the standards of capability of improving the agricultural development condition and capability of science and technology supporting development, and is higher in any other aspect. Seen from the total standard of the development potentiality of competitive capability of District Agriculture, Si Chuan is higher. The results reflect the conditions of the formation condition of competitive capability, the level of competitive capability and development potentiality of competitive capability.â…¡. Main ConclusionThis article constructs a theoretic model to analyze how to form competitive capability ofDistrict Agriculture, it illustrates the mechanism of the structure, decisive factor and influencing factors of competitive capability of District Agriculture. Through practical research, we conclude that:1.Competitive capability of District Agriculture is the integrated capability of several single capabilities.Competitive capability of District Agriculture is the integrated capability. It includes competitive capability of agricultural products, capability of market adaptation, capability of gaining profit, capability of enlargement, capability of anti-risks capability of sustained development. Among the competitive capability of District Agriculture, capability of market adaptation is basic pre-requirement, capability of gaining profit is the core, capability of enlargement is the inner potentiality, capability of sustained development and anti-risk are the guarantee, the function of integrated capability is decisive factor of competitive capability of District Agriculture.2. Capabilities of market adaptation and gaining profit form the core competitive capability of District Agriculture.Capability of market adaptation is the pre-requirement of gaining competitive capability. On the one hand, it means, at a time, the structure of production should suit that of market demand, it is to produce according to market demand. On the other hand, it means adjust the production to the change of market demand, it is to make immediate reaction to the change of market demand, and to make the types and quantity of products in accordance with consumption demand in order to improve market share. In the market-oriented economy, the advantage of agriculture is embodied by the levels of efficiency and profit. It is the direct aim and the drive to support the agricultural development to gain economic profit, also the guarantee of improving enthusiasm of producer and of sustaining the vigor of District Agriculture, therefore, in the structure of competitive capability of District Agriculture, capabilities of gaining profit and market adaptation impose core influence.3. Competitive capability of District Agriculture is affected by various factors and changed with these factorsThe formation of competitive capability of District Agriculture is influenced by the natural resourcess district condition, level of economy, infrastructure and equipment condition, science ad technology conditions policy, regulation and environment. These factors decide the competitive capability of District Agriculture by influencing the scale of productions structures efficiency of productions production level of the lands the degree of market-orientation. With the change of production conditions ecologic environments market demand and science and technology condition, these influencing factors and decisive factors would change which decides the continual variation of every single capability, so the variation of key competitive capability leads to change of related competitive capability, the variation of single competitive capability results in the change of the integrated competitive capability, at last it would either reduce or improve the competitive capabilityof agriculture.4.Competitive capability of District Agriculture could be quantitated in proper methodsThe aim of evaluation of competitive capability of District Agriculture is to test and evaluate the competitive capability of District Agriculture, to compare the result among different districts, furthermore to analyze the reason for difference of competitive capability of District Agriculture. Because the evaluation of competitive capability of District Agriculture includes the formation condition- level and development potentiality of competitive capability, the content is broad and most content have statistic data. So when we define the connotation and analyze the characters, we could quantitate the evaluation in a proper method to make the result clearer and more reasonable.5.Evaluation of competitive capability of District Agriculture has great importance on improving and fostering competitive capability of District Agriculture.Competitive capability of District Agriculture is finally reflected by the competitive capability of the industry involved and the agricultural products. Evaluation of Competitive capability of District Agriculture could illustrate, in the present structure of industry and products, the total competitive capability of Agriculture- competitive capability of every agriculture department, competitive capability level of products and the advantage of District Agriculture and products. It also provides scientific evidence to exert advantage, to better structure and to improve competitive capability. Meanwhile, find out the problems and defects of competitive capability of District Agriculture, analyze the reason and solve them, we could create the decisive factors or conditions to improve the competitive capability of District Agriculture, and make it strengthened.â…¢. the main innovation1, new definition of connotation and structure of competitive capability of District AgricultureThe definition of agriculture competitive capability includes sufficient content and can be researched in different aspects. This article defines the connotation and structure of Agriculture competition from the angle of industry. It is a comparative advantage of agricultural productivity that is not only reflected by some agricultural production, but also by the level of productivity of the whole agricultural industry. Therefore, it means capability of market adaptation, capability of gaining profit, capability of enlargement, capability of anti-risk, capability of sustained development and integrative capability formed by such capabilities mentioned above. This article chooses agriculture, forestry, farm, fishery of production range as the main object of research of competitive capability of District Agriculture, it is because the important characters of District Agriculture mainly focus on production range, and has decisive influence on the level of competitive capability.2, Construct functional operable applicable evaluation index systemFirstly, this article has constructed a theoretic model of formation mechanism of competitivecapability of District Agriculture. And analyzes the factors of formation and influence of competitive capability of District Agriculture. Then it has established the index system to assess and quantitate competitive capability of District Agriculture. It adopts block-level structure, it includes evaluation standards of competitive capability of District Agriculture, evaluation standards of competitive level of District Agriculture, evaluation standards of development potentiality. Every block is divided into three classes: the first class is comprehensive standard, the second one is group standard, the third one is specific standard. And through application of standard system, it not only can evaluate the level of competitive capability of agriculture in a time or period, but also can evaluate the importance degree of various factors influencing competitive capability of agriculture and test the variation trend of competitive capability of agriculture. Through standard system, this article not only tests the theoretic assumption of formation mechanism of competitive capability of agriculture, but also researches for the practical method to improve competitive capability of agriculture according to the application result.3, Provide exponential method of evaluation standardThe evaluation standards of competitive capability of district agriculture are a multiplex system. To make them comparable, we make exponential variation of evaluation standards. It concludes:â‘ Doing exponential counting of development condition of district agriculture by the related practical standards and valuing standards. Both have units themselves, it needs to make them comparable. We can get the exponential type of the same standard by dividing these standards by the sample standard using the average level of the nation, level of representative district, standards provided by experts.â‘¡Doing exponential counting of development condition of district agriculture by related structure and efficiency. Standards of structure and efficiency are comparative standards, some of these standards have units of themselves and some haven't. Because the connotation of standards is differentiated, they are not comparative and need exponential counting. We can get the exponential type of the same standard by dividing these standards by the sample standard using the average level of the nation, level of representative district, standards provided by experts.â‘¢Doing exponential counting of standards using sample system. The average level of the nation, level of representative district, standards provided by experts all can be used as sample system. Through this, we can standardize standards of different types, and change them into comparable exponential standards. By applying different modulus to exponential standards, we can do calculation plus modulus and get standard values of formation condition, level, development potentiality of competitive capability of district agriculture, also we can quantitate the evaluation of competitive capability of district agriculture. â…£. the application of the researching results 1. It will benefit for paying more attention to the construction of the agriculture production...
|
PDF Full Text Request