How Is The Ideal Political Order Possible?

Political order is an inevitable phenomena in human civilization's development and a desirable value in human community life. As a circumstance in which human generations live upon, political order represent the way human organize their own lives. Although it has different meanings and forms in different cultures and eras, all the people has an consensus that if you want a good life, you must have a good political order and that no matter in temporal or ideal world there need an order. So many masters take it as an important and pivotal problem in human lives, they explore it diligently. Our work is carried forward on the layer of political philosophy but not political science. Our object is not the concrete institutions or rules. Our aim is not to describe what the state of political order "is", but to uncover the logic and values that do determine the concrete institutions and rules. These logic and values are the basis of well—ordered political life, and combining with each community's own conditions, they take on numerous appearances. They are the key for us to comprehend the meaning of political order, and the basis on which a theory could explain this concept. Because the logic and values provide a common platform or criterion, on which every members of a community could share roughly the same beliefs and affirming the framework of deliberation set up by it, and on which they could experience a sufficient convergence of opinions, equal membership and united relations. At the same time, according to the logic and values, everyone could judge the justification of the arrangement of political life; in another word, all the arrangements of political life should accord with the logic and values. It is in this abstract way that we comprehend and try to explain the concept of political order. When we explore the everlasting problem of political order, we holding Marxism's epistemology as direction. In the process all we work circle around three key problems: Why does human need political order? How does the political order realize? Which political order is desirable? These three problems relate to the most essential problems of politics. Analyzing them, we want to discuss 1,the human living condition which the politics hold as its particular premise, especially in modern history. It is the premise from that the political order arises. From modern times the politics hold that there are fundamental diversities of interests, values, morals, and religions etc. among individuals or groups. Rooting in human nature, the self of values and the ways of human living, the diversity is so profound that it cannot be regulated or adjusted spontaneously. In order to avoid fundamental and drastic conflict, human appeals to a power outmatching all the individuals and society. Only taking this premise could we explain the necessity and reasonableness of the politics. In this article we deem that it is this premise that determine human falling back on political means to realize the state of order. Forming political authority to construct political order is the only way by which human builds his own good life, and there is no otherway. 2,Political authority is the core in realizing political order. So in the second part of this article we explore how it happens by analyzing political authority's role and logic in arbitrating and mediating people's relations, unifying people's action reasons, and in forming the public action standards. Political authority is only one of the important main bodies in political life; another main body is the individual or the governed. Their ways of practice correspond to the authority's directly and tightly. It is only by the practice way of individuals that the practice role of political authority could realize, and that the political order could be actually realized in the political life. The practice ways of individuals is political obligation. So we analyze the practiel logic of political obligation. Above all are the logic and principles of realizing political order in the political life. But as an important part in human lives, political order is not the one and only value. There are a great many desirable values in human lives that contact and restrict political order. So how to define the their relations will determine whether the political order is good, whether it could favor the quality of human lives or not. Thereby we discuss 3,the value tropism of political order. We take this problem in two dimensions: negative values and positive values. Negative values mean that they are the necessary values of every political community—no matter it is a fascism empire or a just state—to build their primary life . They are the necessary conditions for a good political order, but not sufficient conditions. In the article we discuss two types of negative values: peace and safety, and the ways of political lives made for them.