Study On The Theory And Strategy Of The CCP's Early Anti-Imperialism Movement(1921-1925)

We study the CCP's anti-imperialism movement theory and strategy from 1921to 1925 in this dissertationAt first, we trace the idea of imperialism and its meaning in Chinese context andreview the source and meaning of the CCP's theory of anti-imperialism which isccompared with other comprehensions of imperialism.Modern idea of imperialism was introduced into China from Japan in the turnbetween 19^th and 20^th century. At that time, there were two main comprehensionmodes about it. Some people held the opinion that imperialistic expansion was theresult of social economic development, and other people criticized that imperialismwas an expansion with a selfish-bourgeois motivation. The former opinion had moreimportant influence on China until the beginning of 1920s.The Comintern delegate Maring focused his attention on founding aMarx-Leninism party, and most delegates focused their attention on civil politics, sothere was no anti-imperialism content, but anti-capitalism generally, in thedocuments of the First National Congress.In 1921, the Comintern held the Far East Labor Conference in Moscow tooppose the Washington Conference. The CCP attended the MoscowConference and confirmed imperialism as the main object of Chineserevolution. Chinese consensus criticized the Washington conference for itsinvasion of Chinese interests. Washington Conference was one of the keyfactors that Chinese people abandoned the West after the introduction ofLenin's theory and Russian revolution model. The CCP's imperialismunderstanding was influenced mainly by Lenin's imperilaism theory, and alsoby imperialism thought prevailed at the beginning of 20th century.Then this dissertation studies on how the CCP fixed main enemies in thestruggle process, how to deal with the KMT, and how to excavate history resources toensure the revolution's validity after the anti-imperialism subject was confirmed. Thedissertation discusses the strategy from the three aspects as above and points asfollows:First, the CCP was not against all western imperialism countries, butadjusted its main enemies according to the civil and international situation,especially the changes of the Russian foreign policies.Second, when the CCP and the KMT cooperated to fight for imperialism,the CCP classified the KMT into three categories named Right Wing, LeftWing and Middle Wing according to the KMT members' political attitude,and took different policies to treat them to promote the national revolution.With the classification, the Tri-Policies became more and more clearly as thestandard of the Left Wing.Third, under the direction of the materialism, the CCP re-evaluated BoxerMovement and praised its anti-imperialism legitimation in 1924, which reflected theCCP's efforts to construct revolution pedigree from history and rationalize it. Itproved that these efforts were very effective and influenced later history researchdeeply. And this narrative mode became an important part of the prevailedimperialism paradigm from then on.