Research On The Problem About China's County Government To Supply Public Goods

Counties are the basic regional power establishment in China's rural areas, are the regional hub of the rural economic and political life, are important link connecting with Chinese local state institutions and are the basic unit of administrative region maintaining close ties with the masses. County government is a special administrative level in the state structure. In this paper, the county government is the state administrative organs at the county level.Public goods and its supply is the key problem to operate and manage effectively for county government. The concept of public goods used by this paper is mainly for public organizations out of meeting the public demand and public interest through the collective decision and provides goods and services, to a certain range, in the non-exclusive and non-competitive nature of consumer. The supply of public goods is a dynamic process to meet the common needs of society by certain organizations form the public goods, and through some mechanism allocate the public goods to benefited community groups. The narrowly-defined public goods' supply of county government is the special process that county government product and distribute public goods alone as the main subject. The broadly-defined public goods' supply of county government is the system linkage process that the government, markets, social organization and the private supply public goods collaboratively under the domination of county government. In this paper, " county-level government supply of public goods" is referring to its broad sense.From the founding of New China to before reforming and opening, the supply of rural public goods systems have come through changes from supply mainly by the private to the single supply by government. In the people's commune period, the basic feature of rural public goods supply system is the single supply of public goods by government. The existing rural supply of public goods has created a collective system which is mainly supplied by the government, the private and the third sector as the supplements supply of public goods in rural areas.The Revelation on the supply of public goods at the county level government in China from the experience of foreign countries included: to increase the financial support to the supply of public goods in rural areas; to pay attention to strengthen the construction of public goods in rural areas which protect the stable development of agriculture; to protect the rural basic education and strengthen the vocational and technical education; to attach importance to the transformation between the agricultural science and technology development and its results in order to enhance the level of agricultural modernization; to support the rural cooperative organizations and play the role of the community-oriented organizations and associations; to bring the farmers gradually into the scope of social security; to pay attention to the protection of the environment in the development of agricultural; to concern the expression of the demand of the peasants' public goods; to mobilize multiple subjects participate the supply of public goods in rural areas by government.At present, the main problems existed in China's supply of public goods at the county level are: the amount of public goods supply is insufficient; the structure of public goods supply is unbalanced; the pattern of public goods supply unit has not fundamentally changed; the mechanism of public goods supply is still imperfect. The reasons for the system are: the ignorance of the demand of public goods consumer from the top-down decision-making system by government; the carry-over of the old system in fund raising system; the inefficient production and management system; the deficient normative in the use of funds system. The practical problems of Chinese county-level government public goods supply are: the public financial resources are shortage; the subject of public goods supply is single and the public funds are financing difficultly; the relationship between cadres and mass in grassroots unit is tensional and the preferences for public goods of the peasants are irrational. The incorrect political achievement concept is ideological obstacles to the effective public goods supply of the China's county government.In the current historical development stage, in order to achieve the target model of county governmental public goods' supply, we must gradually construct the target model that is the collaborative linkage between government leading and multiple subjects, basing on the principle of insisting on people-oriented, laying equal stress on fairness and efficiency, combining the universality and particularity, correlating the entirety and locality and unifying the stage and continuity. We can overcome the questions existed in the county governmental public goods' supply in the past and achieve a healthy development of public goods' supply through the realization of this target model of supply.The path to realize the Chinese county-level government target mode of supply of public goods is: we must accelerate the development guiding by the Scientific Outlook on Development; perfect the supply of the main structure; deepen reform and perfect the mechanism. At the same time, promote further the county governmental supply system.