A Research On Chen Duxiu's Ethical Thoughts

The Chinese nation had moral tradition that extended passes on unceasingly for several thousand years. It displayed the positive function to stabilize social life and maintain social order in middle ages. This tradition had encountered the serious crisis and the challenge after modern times. The scholars that had the heart of saving the nation and rescuing people proposed many kinds of plan that surmounted traditional virtues. What the foreign affairs faction proposed was that the Chinese body used according to the west. The reformist proposed to annotate the tradition with the west ideological concept. But what the radical thinkers proposed wss "overthrowing Confucius". The advanced intellectuals influenced by the Marxism tried hard to transform the traditional virtues unifying the life reality of China modern society to realize the surmounting creatively. Chen Duxiu was the outstanding representative.Chen Duxiu was an extraordinary person in the Chinese modern history, a commander-in-chief in the May 4^th movement, one of the main founders of Communist Party of China, the Marxism propagandist in Chinese early time, and also the main founder of Chinese modern Marxism ethics thought. His ethics thought was an important component of Marxism in Chinese early time. Its production was profound reconsideration to the tradition crisis in Chinese modern times (including traditional society and traditional thought). It received the influence of new ideological concept, for example, the democratic freedom in the western modern times and so on. It was also the profound transformation that was done by Marxism scholar to the traditional virtues. It adapted to the need of new moral reconstruction after meeting the traditional disintegration.Criticizing the old morals and establishing the new morals were the essences of Chen Duxiu's ethics thought. What he break was the traditional virtues established above the small farmer natural economy. What he stand was revolutionary morals proposed by early Marxist. This article takes this as a master line to elaborate Chen Duxiu's ethics thought from four aspects, namely patriotism, family ethics, happy view as well as moral education philosophy. Its patriotism thought has criticized traditional loyal thought and narrow nationalism, and proposed the thought of opposing imperialism instead seals, the thought of saving the nation and people, as well as the modern patriotism thought. His family ethics thought mainly includes that using western nationality's individualism replaces China's family selfish departmentalism, flushing the worn-out family ethics fetter, seeking individual liberation, advocating that the family take the legal system and the practical value as standards, as well as breaking the imprisonment of feudal marriage and pursuing the free marriage. His happy view mainly includes that emphasizing the uniformity of individual happiness and the social happy, realizing all national's happiness through the democratic system in politics, as well as encouraging the young people to set up the correct happy view. His moral education philosophy mainly includes that advocating the new education philosophy of democracy and science, taking the western world as an example and paying great attention to educate the full scale development, the education belongs to the overtop structure, as well as promoting education with socialism.Chen Duxiu's thought was not pure all, but had experienced a lot of transformation in a short time. In his contrast of "new" "old", his thought contained the manner of pursuing the cultural ideal and the manner of transforming the traditional culture, but had not hastened newly formally. His critique to the Confucianist ethics paved the way for the establishment of new morals, promoted the dissemination and the practice of socialism, deepened the nationalistic transformation subject, promoted the development of the bourgeois revolution and the construction, moreover promoted the birth of the morality moral character ethics, promoted that the new generation scholars again understand the Confucianist culture, accelerated the actual advancement of the Chinese modern times ethics establishment and the consummation. His thoughts about political democratization should accompany with the moral idealization process had the important significance in the ethics history.But Chen Duxiu's ethics thought had many insufficiencies, for example his critique and inherit to traditional virtues was emotionalism, was not thorough, the introduction and absorption to the western ethics thoughts had the biased place, had neglected the moral sociality and people's function, as well as the determination had not pondered ethics questions using the Marxism and so on. Regarding this, we should take the Marxism ethics thought as the instructions, and adopt the manner of "developing the good and discarding the bad" to analyse and treat.