The Elimination And Anti-elimination Of Individual Moral Capacity From Perspective Of Contemporary Chinese Moral Education As Purpose

"Morality is not only for the people, but also by the people." Human beings have been seeking the virtue since the human society came to being. The promotion of individual moral state, the pursuit for better life,and the social progress are closely connected to the rising of individual moral capacity. Taking into account of the contemporary China's moral education practice, this dissertation intend to find the solutions available of moral education by rational analysis in the dialectical materialist method, method of differentiation and integration, method of integrating history and logic, problem-based method combining doctrine, and the method of knowledge sociology. The practical problems in China's moral construction can be deep probed so as to achieve the fusion of horizons by comparing China's traditional moral education resource with moral education resource abroad. The relative moral education problems in ideological and political education can be deep thought by absorbing the academic result in politics, sociology, ethnics, and pedagogy. Paying attention to the balance between history and logic, the balance between theory and reality, and the balance between reference and absorption, this dissertation is intended to find out the problems in moral education and put forward some feasible ideas based on the rational analysis of moral education reality in China.This dissertation also aims to absorb different ideological point of views of moral capacity both in China's traditional moral education and moral education abroad from perspective of contemporary China in the process of modernization. Besides, this dissertation intends to observe and study the theory and practice of individual moral construction in contemporary China in transition and find out the methods of individual moral construction combining with the text of the mainstream ideology. Specifically, this dissertation covers the following parts: The part of Introduction explains the origin of the research from four aspects including condition of times, individual virtue, social demand, and present moral education. It defines the relative resources concerning moral capacity in China's traditional moral education, analyzes contemporary scholars' studies of individual moral capacity, points out the present study condition abroad, explains the research method such as the integration between criticism and construction, the combination among different disciplines, comparison and demonstration, and at last explores the research significance of this dissertation.Chapter one mainly explains the meaning of capacity and interprets some relevant conceptions of moral capacity including or their meanings, characteristics, nature and sorts. On the basis of analyzing the concept of capacity, this dissertation attempts to put out the concept of "individual moral capacity", which can be defined as follows: individual moral capacity is the awareness to the individual moral situation and a variety of moral phenomena in the individual practice of moral life, the capacity to judge, choose and practise the moral values in particular moral circumstances. Next, this part points out the features of individual moral capacity including integrity, implicit, social constraints, expansibility and imbalance, passivity and initiative and on the basis reveals the three essence of moral capacity: social essence, individual essence and interactive essence. Finally, this part divides individual moral capacity into individual moral cognitive capacity and individual moral practical capacity, which can be further classified into six aspects including moral cognitive capacity, moral judging capacity, moral inference capacity, moral behavior capacity, moral intuition capacity, moral innovative capacity.Chapter two describes the situation of individual moral situation in China at the angle of moral sociology and chooses some examples to explore. On this basis, the dissertation analyzes the so-called ideas such as "moral decline" and "moral climbing" and reveals the shift of individual moral value in the process of China's social transition.Chapter three probes into the factors eliminating the individual moral capacity from the external environment and practical angle. This dissertation explores the factors to eliminate the individual moral capacity from perspectives of the operation of system, educational practice, official's virtue, function of mass media, withdrawal of main body in the network, teachers' virtue and moral atmosphere of campus culture.In the next part, this dissertation further discusses the factors eliminating the individual moral capacity on the level of ideas, which involve the culture diversity and thought, relativism, scientism, consumerism, materialism, utilitarianism, economism, modernity and post-modernism, moral indifference, and moral paradox. Moreover, this dissertation also discusses the effect of family structure and family situation on the elimination of individual moral capacity.Chapter five attempts to put forward the methods to promote the moral capacity in seven aspects from the theory to practice. Moral attraction, charm and persuasion should be improved from the root by strengthening the cognitive basis of ideology. The consciousness of moral should be promoted by practicing the socialist core value system under the guidance of core value system. The individual moral capacity should be improved by optimizing individual moral cognitive pattern. The individual moral capacity should be promoted by using narration ethic to regulate the education on life. The individual moral capacity should be cultivated by the education of "understanding". The individual moral capacity should be improved in the moral activities and practice. The individual moral capacity also should be promoted in the process of the moral education integration.The epilogue of the dissertation reveals the viewpoint that one's moral capacity belongs to his essential capacity and draws a few basic conclusions. First, the formation and development process of individual moral capacity is the process in which the understanding pattern of individual moral is deconstructed and constructed and the capacity system of individual moral is integrated and optimized continuously. Second, the condition of individual moral capacity is the result constrained and affected by many factors. Thirdly, the development of individual moral capacity mainly shows as follows:ethics as a part of individual spirit structure has played a more and more prominent role in the all-round individual development; the methods and means to play the role of moral capacity have been enriched; individual moral habits have been cultivated and moral senses have been enhanced.