Study On Cost Sharing Of Reform In China

Every society has its own operating rules and characteristics. The purpose of emphasis on restraining the cost of reform in a reasonable range, sharing the costs in the reform process in accordance with the profits of the various subjects in the reform, striving for coordination between cost sharing and result sharing of reform is to correctly balance the relationship among reform, development and stability, coordinate interest conflicts in the reform process and guarantee the social justice of the reform. The cost of reform not only determines the start of the reform process, cost commitment and path dependence constituted by change trends in the choice of reform strategies to a large extent but directly influences the direction of the reform process. And the coordination between cost sharing and result sharing of reform becomes an important basis of evaluating the reform development. Therefore, the emphasis on reasonable cost sharing of reform is not only the internal demand to constantly improve the market economic system but more so the objective requirement to promote the reform to obtain continuous support and motivation.At present, China is in a critical period of development and challenges. With overall progress and sustainable furthering of the reform, especially in the new century, the original pattern of socio-economic development has undergone tremendous changes and inconsistency of interests and social conflicts are becoming complicated. On the one hand, more people's focus, for their own interests, has changed from"what they can get in the reform process"to"what they will lose in future reform". On the other hand, imminent tasks of the reform development are so increasingly difficult that it has not had much leeway and the cost of reform has been growing. How to deal with various social problems arising in the process of reform development, solve unevenness of reform cost sharing in practice, safeguard and protect the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of people, innovate in system arrangement and way-selection conforming to the actual requirement of our country, put forward effective and practical countermeasure concepts and establish various long effect mechanism for reasonable cost sharing of reform has become our aim in theoretical study and practical work. So we need take more rational means to ensure that economic development can enhance the welfare of vast majority of social being, make most social members undertake the cost of reform, construct the progress of reform, enjoy the results of reform relatively evenly, further strengthen the reform motivation, make the overwhelming majority of social members have really equal opportunities and rights to share the results of reform development, resolve social conflicts actively, ensure that results of reform development can benefit all people and work at a harmonious society of"undertaking, constructing and enjoying in common".Based on this analysis, this thesis fully draws on the theoretical basis of related disciplines. With the guidance of Marxist methodology and following the logical clue of"basic theory ---- practical analysis ---- issue exploration ---- countermeasures and advices", it takes full advantage of Marx's materialist dialectics, system, class, political ecology and benefit analysis. Taking present interaction between cost sharing of reform and result sharing of development as the breakthrough point, it analyses the current constraints on the cost of reform in depth. In a progressive way for different districts, different classes and towns or countryside, it discusses the issues such as"basic questions, specific structure, practical situation and overall thinking of the cost of reform"one by one. The whole thesis systematically investigates the unbalanced reality and specific characteristics of reform costs, analyses the important role of cost in the process of reform development, puts forward innovative ideas on system and presents the overall thinking and countermeasure concepts of reform cost sharing in our country.The thesis includes seven parts:The first part is the"Introduction", elaborating the choice of the title and the cause of the study. It proceeds from the importance of studying reform cost and sharing of it, responding to present academic circles'lacking attention to the field of reform cost. On the basis of choosing the object of research and collecting relevant literature, it makes objective observation on previous related research, defines the focus and direction of the study, clarifies the thought of thesis and the significance of study and introduces the research ways and potential innovation.The second part is"an elaboration on basic problems in the research of reform cost". Firstly, it analyses the connotation and characteristics of reform cost, scans the concept of cost in various disciplines, defines the core concepts used in this thesis ---- the related prerequisite and foundation of"reform costs"and analyses the structure and characteristics of reform costs. Then it interprets main influential factors of reform costs in aspects of institutional environment, informal constraints, public support for reform, the choice of reform approaches, etc. and lays the foundation for the inner logic deduction of analyzing China's step-by-step reform from the point of cost.The third part is"how to correctly treat the cost of reform ---- the cause of cost sharing system."As the framework of this thesis, it makes an overall review of China's reform course. On the basis of elaborating reform measures in different stages, it summarizes the main achievements and experience in development of reform and sorts out the internal logic of the reform development. With the relationships between the cost of reform and progressive strategies, key areas, process sequence, specific advance paths and procedures in reform development, it demonstrates in details the specific functions of cost in reform development and that the cost of reform is the key variable affecting the institutional transition and brings out the system of cost sharing of reform.The fourth part is"the perspective on the phenomenon of unbalanced cost sharing of reform". This part mainly interprets that there are misplacements between people who undertake the cost of reform and those who enjoy the results of reform in the practice. In areas implementing specific reform measures in the reform process, contrasting different regions, towns and countryside and different classes, it analyses the situation of cost sharing in the reform process, reflects on kinds of problems in the reform practice, makes perspective on the close relationship between unbalanced cost sharing of reform and practical problems from macroscopic aspects.The fifth part is"the ideal innovation and overall thinking of reform cost sharing". This part aims to ensure that vast majority of social members can undertake the cost of reform, construct the progress of reform, and enjoy results of reform relatively evenly, strives to make results of reform development benefit all people and works at a harmonious society of"undertaking, constructing and enjoying in common". On the basis of clarifying some mistakes in the cost of reform, it explores the relevant premise of the system of reform cost sharing and reveals the overall thinking of reform cost sharing.The sixth part is"the countermeasures of constructing the system of reform cost sharing in our country". This part commits to decrease unreasonable and unnecessary development cost to the greatest extent, control the cost of reform within a certain range and ensure that all costs are essential and reasonable. On this basis, it emphasizes fairness and reasonableness of the cost sharing of reform and consistency, or for the most part, of beneficiaries of reform achievements and undertakers of reform costs. With the strategic goal of a socialistic harmonious society, it emphasizes the principle of equity and justice and constructs the system of reform cost sharing with the premise of restraining the cost of reform, the base of benefit appeals, the backbone of interest balance and the key of interest compensation.The last part is the"conclusion". This part responds to the question raised at the beginning of the thesis again, briefly reviews the clue of concerning and studying this question, analyses defects in this thesis relatively objectively and the future direction of necessary further discussion.